[MPWG] Ginseng production in containers?

[Michael Schenk]

Susan, Robyn, et al, 

One slight variation I've used for "speed-planting" wild-simulated ginseng is to rake back a patch of leaves, scatter some seed lightly on the area ( maybe 6 seeds per sqare foot), and use the rake to tap and toss the soil of that patch lightly until the seeds are covered.  I might push a few in with my fingers.  Then I rake the leaf litter back.  I try to cover the patch with the older, more broken-up litter to give the shoots a little easier path to light.  There's minimal disturbance of soil, and it gives the seeds a little more protection.  I plant goldenseal between the patches.  I've also done rows in the soil that collects along the upslope sides of logs by similar raking methods, and I agree that it seems to do well there.

Mike



>
>Message: 2
>Date: Fri, 10 Feb 2006 19:26:14 -0600
>From: "Farrington, Susan J \(UMC-Student\)" <sjfcmd at mizzou.edu>
>Subject: Re: [MPWG] Ginseng production in containers?
>To: <MPWG at lists.plantconservation.org>
>Message-ID:
>	<8CE13C47DD77004D94DB011914A8D51D01088784 at UM-EMAIL03.um.umsystem.edu>
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>Steve and list-members,
> 
>I have just finished up my master's thesis on the ecology of American ginseng in Missouri, including wild simulated cultivation. I would not recommend to the farmer that he try to raise ginseng in containers... ginseng is only worth good money if it is perceived as "wild" whether that be truly wild or wild simulated. Cultivated roots sell for about $15 a dried pound versus $250 to $600 a dried pound for "wild" root. 
> 
>There are as many methods of planting wild simulated ginseng as there are people who do it, but since this farmer is up against time, I would just suggest that he plant it in the simplest and most natural way: walk through the woods, look for good spots to plant it, rake the leaves away, scatter the seeds lightly (you only want 3 to 5 adult plants per square foot, so scatter maybe 10 to 12 seeds per square foot), kick the leaves back over the plants and walk away. Using this method, I planted an entire pound of stratified seeds in my woods in about 4-5 hours a couple weeks back. Potting up all those seeds would take much more time than that! While some farmers till the soil first, this is not only labor intensive, it also damages tree roots and other plants that may help to protect the ginseng from disease, etc. 
> 
>Choose sites that have good canopy cover, good drainage (slightly sloping is ideal), and where the soil appears reasonably rich. I like to sow it up against rotting logs and stumps, since that's where I so often see it in nature, and the humus is usually very rich in this microsites. 
> 
>Granted, my method will mean that the plants will grow completely naturally, and therefore very slowly... I don't expect to harvest my roots for at least 8-9 years and probably longer. While ginseng can be grown much more quickly (3-4 years) with more intense cultivation, the roots may not be worth much if they don't have that "wild" look. 
> 
>Part of my research was to conduct germination trials, and I found that burying the seed at about 1 inch improves germination (about 80% germination with this method), but simply scattering the seed and covering it up with leaf litter resulted in about 50% germination, and given the time it takes to bury the seeds, I was willing to scatter my own.
> 
>Good luck to your farmer!
> 
>Susan Farrington
>Eminence, Missouri
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>Message: 3
>Date: Sat, 11 Feb 2006 08:30:18 -0700 (MST)
>From: rrr at montana.com
>Subject: Re: [MPWG] Ginseng production in containers?
>To: mpwg at lists.plantconservation.org
>Message-ID:
>	<3151.66.109.133.27.1139671818.squirrel at webmail.montana.com>
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>Susan,
>Thanks for your very informative posting.
>
>I might emphasize also that perception of wildness is extremely important
>to practicing herbalists. However, quality and potency may actually be
>found in cultivated crops. Take Cannabis for example. Wild Cannabis is not
>as "potent" as cultivated. That is, cultivation CAN make a difference.
>
>Another example are di dao herbs in China. Chinese herbalists insist that
>some herbs are best grown in specific locations in China; or that Chinese
>herbs grown in America are not the same as those found in China. These are
>cultivated crops, not wild.
>
>The perception of "wild is better" is a slippery slope, because it puts
>wild species at risk of unsustainable harvesting.
>
>There is not much research on this "perception" or bias. It would be nice
>if we could see some evidence of this perception. If anyone can suggest
>research on this topic, please do so. Thanks.
>
>Best Regards,
>Robyn Klein, AHG Herbalist, MSc., Medical Botany
>Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology
>MSU-Bozeman
>
>