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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Matthew,<br>
Thank you for sharing. Given that your lists are anticipated to “be useful for land managers who are implementing large-scale monarch restoration projects,” would it be possible to remove
<i>Echinacea purpurea</i> and <i>Liatris scariosa</i> from the list for the Northeast
<u>OR</u> indicate that they are only appropriate for residential landscapes?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="color:#1F497D">Echinacea</span></i><span style="color:#1F497D"> species are not native to the New England states and ornamental escapes (or purposeful introductions) are currently limited in distribution. Additionally,
<i>Liatris scariosa </i>is closely related to and likely capable of hybridizing with
<i>Liatris</i> <i>novae-angliae</i> (syn. <i>Liatris borealis</i>) – one of only a few plants considered endemic to the northeast - which also happens to be listed as Endangered, Threatened, or of Special Concern in CT, MA, ME, NH, & NY.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Regards,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Nelson<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Nelson DeBarros<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Botanist/Plant Ecologist<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Connecticut Natural Diversity Data Base<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Bureau of Natural Resources<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection<br>
79 Elm Street, Hartford, CT 06106-5127<br>
</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">P: 860.424.3585</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Webdings;color:black">|</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">F: 860.424.4070
</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Webdings;color:black">|</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">E:
<a href="mailto:nelson.debarros@ct.gov"><span style="color:blue">nelson.debarros@ct.gov</span></a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<div style="border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>From:</b> native-plants [mailto:native-plants-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Matthew Shepherd<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, December 07, 2016 3:38 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> native-plants@lists.plantconservation.org<br>
<b>Subject:</b> [PCA] New Regional Monarch Nectar Plant Guides Now Available<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Monarchs are in decline across North America. With milkweed loss in the east identified as a major contributing factor to this decline, the national call to action has understandably focused primarily on planting
milkweeds, which are the required host plants for monarch caterpillars. Yet while restoring the millions of milkweed plants that have been lost is certainly an important strategy, monarchs need more than milkweed to support them throughout the year. Adult
monarchs need nectar to fuel them during spring migration and breeding and to build up stores of fat which sustain them during fall migration and winter.
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">There are many sources of information about which species of native milkweeds are best for your region, but information on which nectar plants are best for monarchs has not been available for large areas of
the U.S. Working with the Monarch Joint Venture and the National Wildlife Federation, the Xerces Society has created a series of nectar plant lists for the continental U.S. based on a database of nearly 24,000 monarch nectaring observations. Each of the 15
regional guides highlights species that are commercially available, are native to and widely found in the region, and are known to be hardy or relatively easy to grow in a garden setting.
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Read more about this project on our blog,
<a href="http://www.xerces.org/blog/to-save-monarchs-we-need-more-than-just-milkweed/">
http://www.xerces.org/blog/to-save-monarchs-we-need-more-than-just-milkweed/</a>, or find a nectar plant guide for your region at
<a href="http://www.xerces.org/monarch-nectar-plants/">http://www.xerces.org/monarch-nectar-plants/</a>.
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">These plant lists are works-in-progress and benefit from your help. You can submit additional monarch nectaring observations via our online survey,
<a href="https://docs.google.com/a/xerces.org/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfC85E-btqsGSrt16TSAogICzLV2PvOlrID-un-m0jWJpJQkA/viewform?c=0&w=1">
https://docs.google.com/a/xerces.org/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfC85E-btqsGSrt16TSAogICzLV2PvOlrID-un-m0jWJpJQkA/viewform?c=0&w=1</a>. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">We are grateful to the many different researchers and monarch enthusiasts across the country who have already contributed to our database—thank you!</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">----------</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Matthew Shepherd</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Communications Director</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><img border="0" width="128" height="48" id="Picture_x0020_1" src="cid:image001.jpg@01D2512D.C1F91370" alt="Xerces-logo-CMYK-email_Outlook"></span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Protecting the Life That Sustains Us</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Connect: <a href="http://www.xerces.org/">
www.xerces.org</a> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/xerces.society/">Facebook</a>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">628 NE Broadway, Suite 200, Portland, OR 97232, USA</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Office: (503) 232-6639 x110</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Cell: (503) 807-1577</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><a href="mailto:matthew.shepherd@xerces.org">matthew.shepherd@xerces.org</a>
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