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We've sponsored some very basic work comparing remnant switchgrass
populations from Iowa with cultivars, some early work with isozymes of
esterase (seed) and more recently with AFLP's (tissue). The isozyme
work showed lots of genetic variation with seed, which you'd expect.
The AFLP work (unpublished graduate student thesis) generally indicated
that tissue collected from several plants in a remnant were more
similar to one another than to plants from other remnants, and that the
cultivars we tested were more similar to one another even though they
were derived originally from disparate geographic regions (similar
results as for big bluestem cultivars, Gustafson article, see attached
pdf). The biggest difference in switchgrass populations were between
upland and lowland forms. Most of our Iowa collections appeared to be
upland, with one exception.<br>
<br>
A common garden study (Williams, D.W. et al, 2006. Growth and
Reproduction of Local Ecotype and Cultivated Varieties of <i>Panicum
virgatum</i> and <i>Coreopsis palmata</i> Grown in Common Gardens,
19th NAPC Proceedings, Madison, WI) demonstrated higher mortality in
NE28 than Iowa strains, which makes sense, since NE28 was derived from
the much drier Sandhills of NE; also greater numbers of tillers
produced in Iowa populations over cultivars (either Sunburst or NE28),
at least at some sites.<br>
<br>
One thing we do know it that gel plates don't tell the whole story when
it comes to a plant's response to environment.<br>
<br>
Greg<br>
-- <br>
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<p class="p1">Greg Houseal</p>
<p class="p1">Tallgrass Prairie Center</p>
<p class="p1">University of Northern Iowa</p>
<p class="p1">Cedar Falls, IA 50614-0294</p>
<p class="p1">319-273-3005</p>
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<br>
<br>
Brian Majka wrote:
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">The
USDA/ARS actually collected 75 different switch grass
samples from remnant prairies and cultivars, then compared the
genetics, and
found very few differences. In fact, they found that samples from the
same
population had as much genetic variability as those from broadly
geographic
areas. To my knowledge, this is the first time anyone’s done any actual
genetic testing of native plants.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">Here’s
a link to the article:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"><a
href="http://www.ars.usda.gov/is/AR/archive/sep07/prairie0907.htm">http://www.ars.usda.gov/is/AR/archive/sep07/prairie0907.htm</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">This
is, of course, just one piece of the debate...<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">Brian
Majka</span><span
style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: "Arial Black","sans-serif"; color: blue;">JFNew</span><span
style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">Unit
Manager</span><span
style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">11181
Marwill Ave.</span><span
style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<a href="http://www.jfnew.com"><span style="color: blue;">www.jfnew.com</span></a></span><span
style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">Cell:
574-229-1667</span><span
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span
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Ecological Solutions</span></i><i><span
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style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"><img
id="Picture_x0020_1" src="cid:part1.06030505.06070004@uni.edu"
alt="email-tagline" border="0" height="30" width="350"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"> </span><span
style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div
style="border-style: solid none none; border-color: rgb(181, 196, 223) -moz-use-text-color -moz-use-text-color; border-width: 1pt medium medium; padding: 3pt 0in 0in;">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif";">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tahoma","sans-serif";">
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:native-plants-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org">native-plants-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org</a>
[<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:native-plants-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org">mailto:native-plants-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org</a>] <b>On
Behalf Of </b>Rochelle
Bartolomei<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, April 09, 2008 9:33 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:native-plants@lists.plantconservation.org">native-plants@lists.plantconservation.org</a><br>
<b>Subject:</b> [PCA] strict natives vs cultivars<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">I have a question regarding the use of cultivars
versus
straight native species. My understanding is that cultivars are native
plants that have been selected for certain characteristics and then
reproduced
(cloned?). I assume this would have a negative impact on diversity of
ecotypes. <br>
<br>
I am a landscaper and I am attempting to do the right thing for the
environment
and want to know which plants to select. As a design element, it would
be
nice to be able to choose cultivars for their specific traits. In
terms
of the plants themselves, sometimes the non-cultivated species are rife
with
problems. For example, Michael Dirr advises against using ilex opaca
because of its vulnerability to disease and insect infestation, whereas
he
encourages use of cultivars. Wouldn't it be better to have a healthy
cultivated native? <br>
<br>
I know that this subject is debatable, but I'd love to hear some
conversation about it, or be referred to recent studies or articles
where I
could find some solid science to base my decisions on. My fear is that
in
the future, our yards are going to be one of the few places wildlife is
going
to have a chance to thrive, and if so, we need to make them as close to
the
true natural world as we can. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p> __________________________________________________<br>
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Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around <br>
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