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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">From Joel Greenberg (Author of
<a href="http://www.amazon.com/Feathered-River-Across-Sky-Extinction/dp/1620405369/ref=asap_bc?ie=UTF8">
A Feathered River Across the Sky: The Passenger Pigeon’s Flight to Extinction</a>)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"><a href="http://joelrgreenberg.com/">http://joelrgreenberg.com/</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">It is great to hear from you. I hope everything is going well. You need to wander out this way at some point. And thanks for sharing this.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">The most comprehensive compilation of passenger pigeon food items appears on pp 36-51 in Schorger’s
<em><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">The Passenger Pigeon. </span>
</em>He lists 42 genera of plants eaten by passenger pigeons but he cites no evidence that the species ever foraged on goldenseal or ginseng. If there is any published speculation that the birds did eat either of those two plants, I would be interested in having
a citation. I hope this helps. And please feel free to share this reply with your colleagues.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:whitesmoke"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">
<a href="mailto:amalcomb@fs.fed.us" title="amalcomb@fs.fed.us">Malcomb, Alexis - FS</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:whitesmoke"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">Sent:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black"> Tuesday, April 21, 2015 10:09 AM<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:whitesmoke"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">To:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">
<a href="mailto:Joelrgreenberg@gmail.com" title="Joelrgreenberg@gmail.com">Joelrgreenberg@gmail.com</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:whitesmoke"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">Subject:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black"> FW: [MPWG] Ecological link between
the passenger pigeon andgoldenseal?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Hi Joel-<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">I thought of you when I saw this e-mail, do you have any insight?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Thanks!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Alexis Malcomb<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">(from facebook)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black"> </span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""> MPWG [mailto:mpwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Edward Fletcher<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Monday, April 20, 2015 6:59 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> 'Robert Beyfuss'; 'Patricia Angelis'; mpwg@lists.plantconservation.org<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [MPWG] Ecological link between the passenger pigeon and goldenseal?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><em><b><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"MS Mincho";color:#008200">Interesting to consider these connections between flora and fauna. I feel sure there are many other connections that we are unaware of simply because we do not
pay attention. I do know that turkey's consume ginseng seeds, but due to their complex digestive systems, the seeds are no longer viable. So this is connection that is not conducive to spreading the species.
</span></b></em><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><em><b><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"MS Mincho";color:#008200">Bob, I'm sure you can elaborate on this.....</span></b></em><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><em><b><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"MS Mincho";color:#008200">Genuinely,</span></b></em><b><i><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"MS Mincho";color:#008200"><br>
<em><span style="font-family:"MS Mincho"">Edward J. Fletcher </span></em><br>
<em><span style="font-family:"MS Mincho"">Strategic Sourcing, Inc.</span></em><br>
<em><span style="font-family:"MS Mincho"">Botanical Division, C.O.O.</span></em><br>
<em><span style="font-family:"MS Mincho"">828.898.7642</span></em><br>
<em><span style="font-family:"MS Mincho"">Fax.898.7647</span></em><br>
<em><span style="font-family:"MS Mincho""><a href="mailto:Efletcher@StrategicSourcingInc.net">Efletcher@StrategicSourcingInc.net</a>
</span></em><br>
<em><span style="font-family:"MS Mincho""><a href="http://www.StrategicSourcingInc.net">www.StrategicSourcingInc.net</a></span></em></span></i></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">-----Original Message-----<br>
<b>From:</b> "MPWG" <<a href="mailto:mpwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org">mpwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org</a>>
<br>
<b>Sent:</b> 4/20/2015 6:27 PM <br>
<b>To:</b> "De Angelis, Patricia" <<a href="mailto:patricia_deangelis@fws.gov">patricia_deangelis@fws.gov</a>>; "mpwg" <<a href="mailto:mpwg@lists.plantconservation.org">mpwg@lists.plantconservation.org</a>>
<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [MPWG] Ecological link between the passenger pigeon and goldenseal?
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#44546A">I have not heard of connections to Goldenseal, but I have heard that it has been speculated that ginseng seed had been spread by passenger pigeons until their
extinction. The only bird now reported to eat and deposit ginseng seed is the lovely wood thrush.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#44546A"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#44546A"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""> MPWG [<a href="mailto:mpwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org">mailto:mpwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org</a>]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>De Angelis, Patricia<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Monday, April 20, 2015 5:47 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> mpwg<br>
<b>Subject:</b> [MPWG] Ecological link between the passenger pigeon and goldenseal?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Have any of you esteemed list members ever heard about any ecological links between the passenger pigeon (<i>Ectopistes migratorius</i>) and goldenseal (<i>Hydrastis canadensis</i>)?<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Thanks, Patricia<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Patricia S. De Angelis, Ph.D.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Botanist, US Fish & Wildlife Service-Division of Scientific Authority</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Chair, Plant Conservation Alliance-Medicinal Plant Working Group</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">703-358-1708 x 1753</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">No virus found in this message.<br>
Checked by AVG - <a href="http://www.avg.com">www.avg.com</a><br>
Version: 2015.0.5863 / Virus Database: 4331/9582 - Release Date: 04/20/15<o:p></o:p></p>
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