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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Yes, thank you. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Lucy Pongetti<br>
Grants Coordinator<br>
City of <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Bonita</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceName
w:st="on">Springs</st1:PlaceName></st1:place><br>
<st1:Street w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on">9101 Bonita Beach Road</st1:address></st1:Street><br>
<st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Bonita</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceName
w:st="on">Springs</st1:PlaceName></st1:place>, FL 34135<br>
239-949-6262<br>
email: <a href="mailto:lucy.pongetti@cityofbonitasprings.org">lucy.pongetti@cityofbonitasprings.org</a><br>
"The greatest achievements were at first and for a time dreams. The oak
sleeps in the acorn." James Allen</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font size=2
face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'> E. Steve
Schlosser, Jr. [mailto:eschlosserjr@triad.rr.com] <b><span style='font-weight:
bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Kathy Schlosser<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Monday, January 14, 2008
8:33 AM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> Lucy Pongetti;
mpwg@lists.plantconservation.org<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Cc:</span></b> director@herbsociety.org;
'Anne Abbott'; 'Rexford Talbert'; 'Gloria McClure'; 'Moore, Christine'<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> RE: [MPWG] basil</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Could
this be the disease you are referencing?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Kathy
Schlosser<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>“A
devastating basil wilt disease caused by a soilborne pathogenic fungus, <i><span
style='font-style:italic'>Fusarium oxysporum</span></i> <i><span
style='font-style:italic'>f. sp</span></i>. <i><span style='font-style:italic'>basilicum</span></i>,
was first discovered in the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">U.S.</st1:place></st1:country-region>
in 1991 and identified in N.C. in 1992. Plants infected with this disease
usually grow normally until they are six to twelve inches tall, then they
become stunted and suddenly wilt. Initial symptoms usually include brown
streaks on the stems, discoloration of the internal stem tissue, and sudden
leaf drop. Interestingly, only sweet basil is affected. Some of the specialty
basils, such as lemon basil and purple basil, show some resistance to the
disease. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>The
disease is introduced into fields, hydroponic systems, and greenhouse culture
primarily through contaminated seed. Growers should only buy basil seed that
has been tested for the fusarium wilt fungus. Currently, these tests involve
growing out a large number of seed and looking for disease symptoms. This does
not guarantee that the seed will be free of infection, but it greatly reduces
the risk. If it is not possible to obtain tested seed, the seed should be
soaked in cold water for four hours followed by a heat treatment of 20 minutes
in 133-136 degree F water. Seed germination rates will probably be reduced by
the hot water treatment, so a germination test should be conducted on a small
lot of the treated seed to determine how much seeding rates need to be
adjusted. Also, the hot water treatment causes a sticky layer to develop on the
outer surface of seed making it difficult to handle. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Once a
field has become infested with the fusarium wilt pathogen, infective propagules
may persist in the soil for 8-12 years. During that time, growers should avoid
growing sweet basil or members of the mint family. Mints will not exhibit
symptoms of the disease but may carry over the inoculum from year to year.
There are currently no products registered to help control this disease.”<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Source:
Jeanine M. Davis<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Extension
Horticultural Specialist<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Department
of HorticulturalScience<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>North Carolina</span></font></st1:place></st1:State>
Cooperative Extension Service<o:p></o:p></p>
<p><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on"><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>North Carolina</span></font></st1:PlaceName>
<st1:PlaceType w:st="on">State</st1:PlaceType> <st1:PlaceType w:st="on">University</st1:PlaceType></st1:place>
(1997)<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Arial><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Arial><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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<div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font size=2
face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'> mpwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org
[mailto:mpwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org] <b><span style='font-weight:
bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Lucy Pongetti<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Monday, January 14, 2008
8:15 AM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b>
mpwg@lists.plantconservation.org<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> [MPWG] basil<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>I heard that basil crops around the world are infected with
a fungus that has no cure – what is the real story?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Thanks,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Lucy Pongetti<br>
Grants Coordinator<br>
City of <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Bonita</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceName
w:st="on">Springs</st1:PlaceName></st1:place><br>
<st1:Street w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on">9101 Bonita Beach Road</st1:address></st1:Street><br>
<st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Bonita</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceName
w:st="on">Springs</st1:PlaceName></st1:place>, FL 34135<br>
239-949-6262<br>
email: <a href="mailto:lucy.pongetti@cityofbonitasprings.org">lucy.pongetti@cityofbonitasprings.org</a><br>
"The greatest achievements were at first and for a time dreams. The oak
sleeps in the acorn." James Allen</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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