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<DIV dir=ltr align=left><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN
class=578315812-26042007>Tony,</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN
class=578315812-26042007>Thank you for comments! Well said. I agree
completely. I've devoted my entire career to helping farmers stay in
farming and helping forest landowners keep their forests. I thought if we
could help these landowners create a profitable enterprise, e.g., cultivating
forest botanicals, making value-added products, etc., they could keep their land
and maintain their lifestyles. But when a developer comes in and offers
you millions of dollars for your land...</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN
class=578315812-26042007></SPAN></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN
class=578315812-26042007>As for the cultivation of pink lady's slippers, two
people have told me they have figured it out---but they are keeping it as
proprietary information.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN
class=578315812-26042007></SPAN></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><FONT face=Arial color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN
class=578315812-26042007>Jeanine</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV><!-- Converted from text/plain format -->
<P><FONT size=2>Jeanine M. Davis<BR>Assoc. Professor & Extension
Specialist<BR>N.C. Specialty Crops Program Coordinator<BR>Dept. of Horticultural
Science<BR>NC State University<BR>Mtn. Hort. Crops Research & Extension
Ctr<BR>455 Research Drive, Fletcher, NC 28732<BR>Phone: 828-684-3562
FAX: 828-684-8715<BR>Email: Jeanine_Davis@ncsu.edu<BR>Websites: <A
href="http://ncherb.org/">http://ncherb.org</A><BR><A
href="http://ncspecialtycrops.org/">http://ncspecialtycrops.org</A><BR><A
href="http://ncorganic.org/">http://ncorganic.org</A><BR><A
href="http://ncmedicinalherbs.org/">http://ncmedicinalherbs.org</A><BR></FONT></P>
<DIV> </DIV><BR>
<DIV class=OutlookMessageHeader lang=en-us dir=ltr align=left>
<HR tabIndex=-1>
<FONT face=Tahoma size=2><B>From:</B> mpwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org
[mailto:mpwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org] <B>On Behalf Of </B>Tony
Hayes<BR><B>Sent:</B> Wednesday, April 25, 2007 11:29 PM<BR><B>To:</B>
Patricia_DeAngelis@fws.gov; mpwg@lists.plantconservation.org<BR><B>Subject:</B>
Re: [MPWG] Fw: Pink Lady's Slipper cultivation<BR></FONT><BR></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>I am reminded of the fiasco we had back in the eighties when FWS and CITES
decided to list this and other Orchid species under Appendix II.</DIV>
<DIV>The federal register came out with the OSA finding and suddenly a few
States including Georgia over reacted and immediately forbid any legal
trade in these plants.</DIV>
<DIV>Ironically there was a very successful cultivation of C. acaule going on
in North Georgia until it became illegal to sell the plant material
due to the plants CITES listing and the States reaction to same.</DIV>
<DIV>The company I worked for at the time had old Lady Slipper stock that was
grandfathered so we applied for and received an export permit but our customer
in Germany had to apply for an import permit and it was not issued until after
our original permit expired and we were not allowed to renew so we moved it out
bit by bit domestically over a long period of time.</DIV>
<DIV>We basically gave up on producing it in the US. Then I got involved
with a group in Quebec that did some timber thinning and other minimal site
manipulation that lead to increased populations of this and some other targeted
understory species back in the nineties but it didn't pay off either.
</DIV>
<DIV>Now as stated below in the " Greeen Machine" article there is a very
limited commercial market demand for "poor man's Valerian". It's hard
enough to make a living growing V. officinalis in this country, anyway that's
another story.</DIV>
<DIV>I just returned from another road trip today to pick up a few roots. Got up
at 5:30 AM and back home around 8:30 PM after driving through the Appalachians.
It is obvious that clear cutting timber for strip mining, shopping
centers, multi-lane highways and worst of all mountain top
removal among other development is depleting our habitat and destroying more
flora than we can imagine.</DIV>
<DIV>I can supply seed or cuttings for many at risk species but they can't
make it on asphalt and concrete.</DIV>
<DIV>I would ask our Public officials and CITES representatives to consider
looking more at the large natural resource corporations and developers
instead of the lower income rural families to solve this dilemma. </DIV>
<DIV>Listing species on CITES is not a silver bullet to saving them from a few
diggers as a matter of fact if they were not recognized by a few for there
potential they would probably not be as prolific as they are in many
cases.</DIV>
<DIV>Industry and consumers need to understand that "Fair Trade" needs to apply
not only to "3rd world" and "developing economies" but to rural Appalachia and
other rural parts of North America as well. Maybe if we consider this going
forward a few poor folks in Southern Appalachia can cultivate
these plants legally and profitably once again as they did before some well
meaning person in a glass cage with a degree and a computer came along and
fixed it for them.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Best regards,</DIV>
<DIV>Tony</DIV>
<DIV><BR><B><I>Patricia_DeAngelis@fws.gov</I></B> wrote:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE class=replbq
style="PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #1010ff 2px solid"><BR><FONT
face=sans-serif size=3>Forwarding a question from someone about Pink Lady's
Slipper cultivation. </FONT> <BR><BR><FONT face=sans-serif size=4>Please
respond directly to <B>Gary Crivellone: <gary1star@comcast.net></B>
</FONT><BR><FONT face=sans-serif size=2><BR></FONT><BR><FONT face=sans-serif
color=#800080 size=1>----- Forwarded by Patricia De Angelis/ARL/R9/FWS/DOI on
04/25/2007 01:38 PM -----</FONT> <BR>
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<TD width="40%"><FONT face=sans-serif size=1><B>"Pacific Federal
Resources /Gary Crivellone" <gary1star@comcast.net></B> </FONT>
<DIV><FONT face=sans-serif size=1>04/23/2007 04:29 PM</FONT> </DIV>
<TD width="59%">
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<TD>
<DIV align=right><FONT face=sans-serif size=1>To</FONT></DIV>
<TD><FONT face=sans-serif
size=1><Patricia_DeAngelis@fws.gov></FONT>
<TR vAlign=top>
<TD>
<DIV align=right><FONT face=sans-serif size=1>cc</FONT></DIV>
<TD>
<TR vAlign=top>
<TD>
<DIV align=right><FONT face=sans-serif size=1>Subject</FONT></DIV>
<TD><FONT face=sans-serif size=1>Pink Lady's
Slipper</FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><BR>
<TABLE>
<TBODY>
<TR vAlign=top>
<TD>
<TD></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><BR></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><BR><BR><BR><FONT
face=Arial size=2>Patricia</FONT> <BR><FONT face=Arial size=2> </FONT>
<BR><FONT face=Arial size=2>Green Medicine published this incomplete info on
pink lady’s Slipper. What I am looking for is what </FONT><FONT face=Arial
size=3>fungal mycelia </FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2>is required for the
cultivation.</FONT> <BR><FONT face=Arial size=2> </FONT> <BR><FONT
face=Arial size=2>If you could be of assistance.</FONT> <BR><FONT face=Arial
size=2> </FONT> <BR><FONT face=Arial size=2>THANKS</FONT> <BR><FONT
face=Arial size=2> </FONT> <BR><FONT face=Arial size=2>GARY
CRIVELLONE</FONT> <BR><FONT face=Arial size=2> </FONT> <BR><FONT
face=Arial size=2> </FONT> <BR><FONT face=Arial size=2> </FONT>
<DIV align=center>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=5><B>Pink Lady's Slipper</B></FONT> <BR><IMG
alt="Photo of Pink Lady's Slipper" src="cid:578315812@26042007-1C9E"><FONT
face=Arial size=2><BR>Photo Copyright 2000 </FONT><A
href="http://www.nps.gov/cgi-bin/intercept3?http://www.stevenfoster.com"><FONT
face=Arial color=blue size=2><U>www.stevenfoster.com</U></FONT></A><FONT
face="Times New Roman" size=3> </FONT><FONT face=Arial
size=2><BR>(<I>Cypripedium acaule</I>)</FONT></DIV></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=3>Pink lady's slipper is a large, showy wildflower
belonging to the orchid family. The root of lady's slipper has traditionally
been used as a remedy for nervousness, tooth pain, and muscle spasms. In the
1800's and 1900's it (and other species of the genus) were widely used as a
substitute for the European plant valerian (also a sedative). </FONT>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=3>Because this plant has an extremely long life
cycle, taking many years to go from seed to mature, seed-bearing plant, and
because it will grow only in very specific circumstances, the harvest of wild
lady's slipper root is often not sustainable. Cultivation is challenging, and
the plant has not been widely grown for the medicinal herb market.
Cypripedium, along with other orchid species, is listed in Appendix II of
CITES, making it illegal to export any part of the plant without a permit. In
1988, the American Herbal Products Association issued a self-regulatory
initiative for its members requiring them to refrain from trade in
wild-harvested Cypripedium. </FONT>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=3>Today, there are only a few companies selling
lady's slipper or products containing lady's slipper. The plant is still
occasionally gathered from the wild for private use by individuals, and is
sometimes picked as an ornamental. Perhaps the greatest threat to this plant,
however, is habitat loss, since it grows only in a very selective habitat
</FONT>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=3><B>Cultivation:</B> Pink lady's slipper grows in
calcium-containing soils, in forested areas. It has thus far proven nearly
impossible to cultivate in a way that would make it feasible as a cash crop.
It requires that certain fungal mycelia be present in the soil, so it is
almost necessary to grow it in a forested area which either does contain wild
lady's slipper, or is at least the type of environment where it is normally
found. Usually this means a wet forest area, with dappled shade. Success has
been reported in growing lady's slippers in a controlled laboratory
environment, but the cost of this generally makes it unprofitable as a
medicinal herb.</FONT> <BR><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3> </FONT>
<BR><FONT face=Arial size=2> </FONT>
_______________________________________________<BR>PCA's Medicinal Plant
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and other healthcare information that is discussed on this list should be
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Plant Conservation Alliance. </DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE><BR><BR><BR>
<P> </P>
<ADDRESS>Anthony J. Hayes, President</ADDRESS>
<ADDRESS>Ridge Runner Trading Company, Inc.</ADDRESS>
<ADDRESS>P.O. Box 391</ADDRESS>
<ADDRESS>Boone, NC 28607</ADDRESS>
<ADDRESS>PH: 828.264.3615</ADDRESS>
<ADDRESS>FX: 828.262.3605</ADDRESS>
<ADDRESS><A
href="mailto:herbalogic@yahoo.com">herbalogic@yahoo.com</A></ADDRESS></BODY></HTML>