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<DIV><FONT color=#008000 face=Arial><STRONG><SPAN
class=062083210-12012014></SPAN></STRONG></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial><FONT color=#008000><SPAN
class=062083210-12012014><STRONG>We all have experienced how Japanese
Stiltgrass has become much more damaging than a decade ago and much harder
to control. Notice the photo of leaf blight, a potential effective and
host specific biological control in the Invader of the Month.
</STRONG></SPAN><SPAN class=062083210-12012014><FONT size=2><A
title=blocked::http://www.mdinvasivesp.org/invader_of_the_month.html#startcontent
href="http://www.mdinvasivesp.org/invader_of_the_month.html#startcontent"><FONT
color=#0000ff>http://www.mdinvasivesp.org/invader_of_the_month.html#startcontent</FONT></A><FONT
size=3><STRONG> </STRONG></FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT><SPAN
class=062083210-12012014><FONT color=#008000><STRONG>Researchers are
requesting that we all be on the look out for it next Summer to facilitate
research by Bill Bruckart, Luke florey and other researchers to find a
pathogen that has appeared that is specific to Japanese stiltgrass and is
effective. </STRONG><SPAN class=062083210-12012014><FONT
color=#008000><STRONG>We can alert </STRONG><FONT
color=#000000><STRONG><FONT color=#008000>Master Naturalists, Master
Gardeners, & members of Native Plant
Societies.</FONT> </STRONG></FONT></FONT><FONT
color=#0000ff><FONT size=2><SPAN class=546053912-24012014> <FONT
size=3><FONT color=#008000><STRONG>We can put this action on our mid-late
Summer schedules.</STRONG> </FONT></FONT></SPAN><SPAN
class=546053912-24012014><FONT color=#008000
size=3> </FONT><STRONG><FONT color=#008000 size=3>They can also
take</FONT> </STRONG></SPAN></FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN><SPAN
class=062083210-12012014><SPAN class=062083210-12012014><SPAN
class=546053912-24012014><STRONG><FONT color=#008000>symptomatic images
with them avalable at </FONT><A
title=blocked::http://www.florylab.com/photos/
href="http://www.florylab.com/photos/"><FONT
title=blocked::http://www.florylab.com/photos/
color=#008000><STRONG>http://www.florylab.com/photos/</STRONG></FONT></A><FONT
color=#008000> when they are out in the field next
Summer.</FONT></STRONG></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial><SPAN class=062083210-12012014><FONT
color=#008000><SPAN class=062083210-12012014><FONT color=#0000ff
size=2><SPAN class=546053912-24012014><STRONG><FONT color=#000000
size=3>From: Donna Ford-Werntz dford2@wvu.edu<BR>Date: Tue, 31 Dec 2013
18:33:31 +0000<BR>To: ialm@erols.com, cath.tucker@gmail.com,
maipc@lists.maipc.org, stiltgrass@gmail.com,
William.Bruckart@ARS.USDA.GOV<BR>Subject: RE: [MAIPC] MAIPC Digest
(Stiltgrass
blight)</FONT></STRONG><BR></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial><SPAN class=062083210-12012014><FONT
color=#008000><SPAN class=062083210-12012014><FONT color=#0000ff><SPAN
class=546053912-24012014><STRONG><FONT color=#000000>Hi all, WVA herbarium
has blighted stiltgrass from Wood Co., WV last Sept.<BR>In August, we had
been asked to help with a study (contact copied here) who had posted
symptomatic images at </FONT></STRONG><A
title=blocked::http://www.florylab.com/photos/
href="http://www.florylab.com/photos/"><FONT
title=blocked::http://www.florylab.com/photos/ color=#000000
face=Arial><STRONG>http://www.florylab.com/photos/</STRONG></FONT></A><FONT
face=Arial><STRONG><FONT color=#000000>. Best wishes with your
control efforts and happy new year!<BR><BR>Donna Ford-Werntz, Herbarium
Curator<BR>Associate Clinical Professor<BR>Biology Dept., Box 6057<BR>Life
Sci. Bldg., 53 Campus Dr.<BR>West Virginia Univ.<BR>Morgantown, WV
26506<BR>304-293-0794;
biology.wvu.edu</FONT><BR></STRONG></FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial><SPAN class=062083210-12012014><FONT
color=#008000><SPAN class=062083210-12012014><FONT color=#0000ff
size=2><SPAN
class=546053912-24012014></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=062083210-12012014><STRONG><FONT color=#008000
face=Arial></FONT></STRONG></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=062083210-12012014><FONT face=Arial><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><STRONG>Japanese
stiltgrass<O:P></O:P></STRONG></SPAN> </FONT>
<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT
face=Arial><STRONG><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: Cambria; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">The
annual grass Japanese stiltgrass (<I
style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">Microstegium vimineum</I>) can be
highly invasive, especially on disturbed sites, and it is currently widely
distributed in the eastern <ST1:PLACE w:st="on"><ST1:COUNTRY-REGION
w:st="on">U.S.</ST1:COUNTRY-REGION></ST1:PLACE><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>In <ST1:PLACE w:st="on"><ST1:CITY
w:st="on">Oak Ridge National Environmental Research Park</ST1:CITY>,
<ST1:STATE w:st="on">Tennessee</ST1:STATE></ST1:PLACE>, Japanese
stiltgrass was ranked the most aggressively invasive nonnative species,
based on distribution, abundance, relative difficulty of control, and
ability to exclude native plant species (Fryer 2011).<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Two species of <I
style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">Bipolaris</I> have been described as
cause of leaf spots and necrosis of Japanese stiltgrass in the <ST1:PLACE
w:st="on">Eastern U.S.</ST1:PLACE>; some evidence is that disease may be
suppressing local populations.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>Host range of these species has not been fully tested, although
limited symptom development was reported on a few important grass (grain)
species in artificial tests (Kleczewski et al. 2012).<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Research is on-going about this
pathogen(s), its host, and the potential for use in biological control of
Japanese stiltgrass. If you</SPAN><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> see leaf blight
</SPAN></STRONG><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: Cambria; FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><STRONG>on
Japanese stiltgrass during the growing season please contact work group
member William L. Bruckart, III.</STRONG><SPAN
class=729563413-24122013> </SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: Cambria; FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN
class=729563413-24122013></SPAN></SPAN> </P><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: Cambria; FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN
class=729563413-24122013>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Cambria; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN"
lang=EN><STRONG>William L. Bruckart III<o:p></o:p></STRONG></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"
class=MsoNormal><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Cambria; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN"
lang=EN>USDA, ARS, Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit
(FDWSRU)</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Cambria; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN"
lang=EN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"
class=MsoNormal><STRONG><st1:Street w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Cambria; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN"
lang=EN>1301 Ditto Ave.</SPAN></st1:address></st1:Street><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Cambria; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN"
lang=EN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"
class=MsoNormal><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Cambria; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN"
lang=EN>Ft. Detrick, MD 21702</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Cambria; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN"
lang=EN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"
class=MsoNormal><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Cambria; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN"
lang=EN>Phone: 301/619-2846</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Cambria; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN"
lang=EN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></STRONG></P>
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style="FONT-FAMILY: Cambria; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN"
lang=EN><STRONG>Fax: 301/619-2880</STRONG></SPAN><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: Cambria; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><BR
style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: auto; mso-break-type: section-break"
clear=all></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><FONT color=#000000><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: Cambria; FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN
class=729563413-24122013><A
title=blocked::mailto:william.bruckart@ars.usda.gov
href="mailto:william.bruckart@ars.usda.gov"><FONT
color=#0000ff><STRONG>william.bruckart@ars.usda.gov</STRONG></FONT></A><STRONG>
<o:p></o:p></STRONG><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: Cambria; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><BR
style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: auto; mso-break-type: section-break"
clear=all></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P></SPAN></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><SPAN
class=546053912-24012014><FONT color=#0000ff size=2
face=Arial> mai </FONT></SPAN><BR>
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<P><FONT size=3><FONT face=Arial><STRONG>January 1, 2014
</STRONG></FONT></FONT></P>
<P><STRONG><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=3>Contact: Marc
Imlay<BR>Chairperson of the bio-control working group of
Mid-Atlantic Invasive Plant Council. <BR>The Maryland-National
Capital Park and Planning Commission. <BR>(301) 442-5657 cell
<BR>ialm@erols.com</FONT><BR></FONT><BR><FONT size=3
face=Arial>Biocontrols are January Invader Topic of the
Month</FONT></STRONG><FONT size=3 face=Arial><STRONG>
<BR><BR>ANNAPOLIS , MD (January 1, 2014) </STRONG></FONT></P>
<TABLE width=200 align=right>
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<TD><FONT face=Arial><STRONG><IMG
src="/images/stiltgrass.jpg" width=314
height=235></STRONG></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<DIV class=image_caption_text align=center><FONT size=3
face=Arial><STRONG>Japanese Stiltgrass showing fungal
leaf blight</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<DIV align=center><FONT face=Arial><STRONG>Photo Credit:
William L. Bruckart III<BR>USDA, ARS,
FDWSRU<BR></STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<DIV class=image_caption_text align=right><FONT size=3
face=Arial><STRONG></STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<P><FONT size=3 face=Arial><STRONG></STRONG></FONT>
<DIV class="image_caption_text align" ="right">
<P><FONT size=3><FONT face=Arial><STRONG>Biocontrols: Control
Them Beyond Where We Cut, Pull and Spray
</STRONG></FONT></FONT>
<P><FONT size=3 face=Arial><STRONG>Biological Controls of
non-native invasive plant species </STRONG></FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=3 face=Arial><STRONG>Our tool kit for successful
control of non-native invasive plants includes preventing new
invasive species from coming in from Europe, Asia, and other
continents; manual removal, the use of carefully targeted
herbicides, and host specific biological controls. Classical
biological control involves the importation and release of
host-specific natural enemies to help regulate pest
populations. This strategy is usually used for invasive
non-native species that lack effective natural enemies in the
region where they have been introduced. In order to avoid
direct damage to non-target species, biological control agents
must be highly host specific. Agents are brought over after
being tested or reviewed for host specificity in their native
range and then tested in quarantine conditions in the United
States. They are only approved for release if testing
indicates a very low likelihood of non-target effects, as
determined by the Technical Advisory Group for Biological
Control Agents of Weeds (TAG), a group of experts that report
to USDA-APHIS. Effectiveness of classical biological control
can vary, but of 49 invasive plant projects considered in a
recent review (Van Driesche et al. 2010), 27% (13) achieved
complete control, 33% (16) provided partial control, and 49%
(24) were still in progress. The problem of bio-controls
harming non-target organisms was reported to be only about 3%
as frequent as before the new rules of proving host
specificity went into effect. </STRONG></FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=3 face=Arial><STRONG>For two of the most
important invasive plant species requiring control in
Mid-Atlantic natural areas, purple loosestrife (<EM>Lythrum
salicaria</EM>), and mile-a-minute weed (<EM>Persicaria
perfoliata</EM>), one or more host-specific insect species
have been tested and received permits for release. Three other
invasive plant species have had extensive studies conducted on
host-specific insects, with petitions for release submitted to
TAG, but with proposed releases still under review (TAG
Petitions, 2013). These plant species and associated insects
are garlic mustard (<EM>Alliaria petiolata</EM>), the
crown-mining weevil <EM>(Ceutorhynchus scrobicollis</EM>);
Japanese knotweed (<EM>Fallopia japonica</EM>), the psyllid
<EM>Aphalara itadori</EM>; and tree-of-heaven (<EM>Ailanthus
altissima)</EM>, the weevil <EM>Eucryptorrhynchus
brandti</EM>.<BR><BR>For some species, biocontrols may already
exist in the U.S. in the form of native insects and pathogens
that have adapted to the invasive species over time, or
non-native species that were accidentally introduced.
</STRONG></FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=3 face=Arial><STRONG>Species updates with
references for 18 non-native terrestrial and aquatic invasive
species are available in the MAIPC Biocontrol Work Group
document
http://www.maipc.org/MAIPC_BiocontrolWG_Dec18.doc<BR>One
example is. <BR>European Water Chestnut<BR>European water
chestnut (<EM>Trapa natans</EM>) is an invasive aquatic plant
native to Europe and Asia. It was first observed in the United
States in Massachusetts in the late 1800s. Its current
distribution is the mid-Atlantic and northeastern U.S., with
the most serious problems being reported for the Connecticut
River valley, Lake Champlain region, Hudson River, Potomac
River and the upper Delaware River (Swearingen et al. 2010).
This species can form dense floating mats, and its sharp
fruits can cause painful wounds, making control efforts a
challenge. The most promising species for biological control
is Galerucella birmanica, a leaf beetle (Ding et al. 2006,
2007), but so far no petitions have been submitted to
TAG.</STRONG></FONT></P>
<P><BR><FONT size=3 face=Arial><STRONG>For more information on
this and other invasive species in Maryland, visit the
Maryland Invasive Species Council at
http://www.mdinvasivesp.org/<BR></STRONG></FONT></P></DIV>
<P><FONT size=3 face=Arial><STRONG>For more information about
Invasive Species of Concern in Maryland, visit
</STRONG></FONT><A href="http://www.mdinvasivesp.org"
target=_blank><FONT size=3
face=Arial><STRONG>www.mdinvasivesp.org
</STRONG></FONT></A></P>
<P><FONT size=3 face=Arial><I><STRONG>photo available
electronically on request.</STRONG></I></FONT></P>
<TABLE border=0 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2 width=236>
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<TD colSpan=2 align=left>
<DIV class=image_caption_text align=left valign="top">
<P></P></DIV></TD></TR><!-- <tr>
<td align=left><img src="../images/oak_wilt_obrien_1.jpg" height=150 align=left alt="Oak wilt" align="right" border="1">
</td>
<td align=left><img src="../images/oak_wilt_obrien_2_tree.jpg" height=150 align=left alt="oak wilt" align="right" border="1">
</td>
</tr>
<td align="left"><div class="image_caption_text" align="left" valign="top">Bark Cracking<br />Joseph O'Brien, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org
<td align=left><div class="image_caption_text" align="left" valign="top">Premature Leaf Drop on Oak<br />Joseph O'Brien, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org
</div>
</td></div>
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<TD align=middle>
<DIV><A class=link_bottom_bar href="/how_to_get_involved.html">CONTACT
US</A> <A class=link_bottom_bar
href="/site_map.html">SITE MAP</A> <A
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<A class=link_bottom_bar
href="mailto:webmaster@mdinvasivesp.org">WEB MASTER</A>
<A class=link_bottom_bar
href="/members/index.html">MEMBERS</A> <SPAN
class=968184911-23012014><FONT color=#0000ff size=2
face=Arial> </FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN
class=968184911-23012014></SPAN> </DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TABLE>-
-
<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff><FONT color=#0000ff><SPAN
class=687544511-18112013></SPAN></FONT></FONT><SPAN lang=X-NONE><STRONG><FONT
size=4><FONT face="Times New Roman"><FONT color=#4f81bd><SPAN
class=718330013-16122013><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: Cambria; FONT-SIZE: 16pt"><FONT
face=Arial><FONT color=#ff0000 size=3><STRONG>Biological control <SPAN
class=000494010-16122013>u</SPAN>pdates</STRONG></FONT><SPAN
class=006140614-04122013><FONT color=#ff0000><STRONG><FONT
size=3> </FONT><SPAN class=000494010-16122013><FONT size=3>with references,
research contacts</FONT>, <FONT size=3>and resources </FONT></SPAN><FONT
size=3>for 18 Mid-Atlantic non-native terrestrial</FONT> <FONT size=3>and
aquatic invasive species are available in <SPAN
class=000494010-16122013>this </SPAN>MAIPC Biocontrol Work Group document on our
MAIPC web site</FONT></STRONG></FONT><FONT size=2><SPAN
class=437265511-20122013><FONT color=#ff0000
size=3><STRONG>.</STRONG></FONT></SPAN><SPAN class=437265511-20122013><FONT
color=#0000ff> </FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT
color=#ff0000> </FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN>
<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 10pt" class=MsoSubtitle><SPAN lang=X-NONE><FONT
size=3><SPAN class=484363414-23122013><FONT color=#810081 size=3
face=Arial><SPAN class=718330013-16122013><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: Cambria; FONT-SIZE: 16pt"><SPAN
class=006140614-04122013><A title=blocked::http://www.maipc.org/
href="http://www.maipc.org/"><EM>http://www.maipc.org/</EM></A></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 10pt" class=MsoSubtitle><SPAN lang=X-NONE><FONT size=3
face="Times New Roman"><SPAN class=484363414-23122013><FONT face=Arial><FONT
size=3><SPAN class=718330013-16122013><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: Cambria; FONT-SIZE: 16pt"><SPAN
class=006140614-04122013><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN
lang=X-NONE><A title=blocked::http://www.maipc.org/MAIPC_BiocontrolWG_Dec18.doc
href="http://www.maipc.org/MAIPC_BiocontrolWG_Dec18.doc"><U
title=blocked::http://www.maipc.org/MAIPC_BiocontrolWG_Dec18.doc><SPAN lang=EN
title=blocked::http://www.maipc.org/MAIPC_BiocontrolWG_Dec18.doc><FONT
title=blocked::http://www.maipc.org/MAIPC_BiocontrolWG_Dec18.doc color=#810081
size=4><EM>http://www.maipc.org/MAIPC_BiocontrolWG_Dec18.doc</EM></FONT></SPAN></U></A></SPAN></B></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 10pt" class=MsoSubtitle><SPAN><SPAN
class=484363414-23122013><SPAN class=718330013-16122013><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: Cambria; FONT-SIZE: 16pt"><SPAN
class=006140614-04122013></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><FONT size=3><FONT
color=#ff0000><STRONG><FONT face=Arial>At a workshop it was estimated that for
~30 percent of the invasive plant<SPAN class=515543111-20122013> </SPAN>s<SPAN
class=515543111-20122013>pecies</SPAN> there is an effective, host specific,
biological control if we do the research </FONT></STRONG><SPAN
class=281372510-20122013><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: Cambria; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><STRONG><FONT
face=Arial>that will make host specific biological controls
available</FONT><EM>.
</EM></STRONG></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><FONT
color=#4f81bd face="Times New Roman"><SPAN class=484363414-23122013><FONT
face=Arial><FONT color=#ff0000 size=3><SPAN class=281372510-20122013><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: Cambria; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><STRONG><SPAN
class=484363414-23122013><EM>One </EM></SPAN><SPAN
class=484363414-23122013><EM>example is Japanese Stiltgrass. The update covers
curent work on biologial controls. New work could include work in China on the 3
Asiatic species of rust that current literature indicates are
pathogens only on the genus Microstegium,</EM>
</SPAN></STRONG></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></FONT></FONT></FONT></STRONG></SPAN></DIV></BODY></HTML>