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<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=515552116-08052013><FONT color=#0000ff
face=Arial><STRONG>The toxic effects are due to the surfactant. That is why NPS
has guided us to use Roundup-Pro rather than Roundup.
</STRONG></FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=515552116-08052013><STRONG><FONT
color=#0000ff face=Arial></FONT></STRONG></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=515552116-08052013><STRONG><FONT
color=#0000ff face=Arial>Marc </FONT></STRONG></SPAN></DIV><BR>
<DIV dir=ltr lang=en-us class=OutlookMessageHeader align=left>
<HR tabIndex=-1>
<FONT size=2 face=Tahoma><B>From:</B> APWG
[mailto:apwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org] <B>On Behalf Of </B>Lauren
Smith<BR><B>Sent:</B> Tuesday, May 07, 2013 3:17 PM<BR><B>To:</B>
apwg@lists.plantconservation.org<BR><B>Subject:</B> Re: [APWG] Heavy use of
herbicide Roundup linked tohealth dangers:study<BR></FONT><BR></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr>In addition to the sources that Gena sent, you might all be
interested in Rick Relyea's work on non-target effects of Roundup on amphibians.
<A
href="http://www.pitt.edu/~relyea/Site/Welcome.html">http://www.pitt.edu/~relyea/Site/Welcome.html</A>
The Roundup tab has information about one particular study, but he has
other interesting work in his publication list on how sublethal levels of
herbicides can alter interactions amongst predators and prey or competitors.
<DIV><BR></DIV></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_extra><BR><BR>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>On Mon, May 6, 2013 at 2:36 PM, Gena Fleming <SPAN
dir=ltr><<A href="mailto:genafleming@gmail.com"
target=_blank>genafleming@gmail.com</A>></SPAN> wrote:<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style="BORDER-LEFT: #ccc 1px solid; MARGIN: 0px 0px 0px 0.8ex; PADDING-LEFT: 1ex"
class=gmail_quote>Well, this is quite a conundrum, isn't it? I guess
we'll never know for sure, but it's an interesting puzzle. The
following may or may not be deemed relevant to the discussion.<BR><BR>This
correspondence by Michael Surgan is a good (and brief) discussion of the
problems posed by the presence of "inert" ingredients in pesticide
formulations:<BR>
<P class=MsoNormal><A
href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1281320/#b1-ehp0113-a0657c"
target=_blank>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1281320/#b1-ehp0113-a0657c</A></P><BR>In
his reference section, he cites but does not provide a link to the New York
lawsuit filed against Monsanto, so I will provide it here:<BR><A
href="http://big.assets.huffingtonpost.com/fraud.pdf"
target=_blank>http://big.assets.huffingtonpost.com/fraud.pdf</A><BR><BR>Note
that a similar lawsuit against Monsanto's false claim of Roundup being
nontoxic and biodegradable was also successfully pursued in France.<BR><BR>The
article Surgan references by Richard et al. that explores the toxicity of some
of the adjuvants in Roundup formulations is a worthwhile read; the abstract
doesn't take too much time:<BR><A
href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1257596/"
target=_blank>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1257596/</A><BR><BR>Surgan's
link to the EPA Reregistration Eligibility Document on Glyphosate doesn't
work. Here's an EPA fact sheet for that document:<A
href="http://www.epa.gov/oppsrrd1/REDs/factsheets/0178fact.pdf"
target=_blank>
http://www.epa.gov/oppsrrd1/REDs/factsheets/0178fact.pdf</A> <BR>... with the
relevant excerpt being (and bold emphasis is mine):<BR><B><SPAN
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(153,0,0)"><SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><BR></B>
<P class=MsoNormal></P>
<P class=MsoNormal></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><I>Due to the presence of a <B>toxic inert ingredient</B>,
some glyphosate end-use products must be labeled, "Toxic to fish," if they may
be applied directly to aquatic environments.</I></P><I></I>
<P></P><SPAN style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(51,51,255)"><I><SPAN
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255)"><SPAN><BR></SPAN></SPAN></I><SPAN
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255)"><SPAN>The fact that the EPA feels
comfortable using terms such as "toxic inert ingredient" is enough to keep my
head in a spin.<BR><BR>best regards,<BR><BR>Gena Fleming</SPAN></SPAN><I><SPAN
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255)"><SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></I></SPAN><BR><BR><BR><BR>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>
<DIV class=im>On Mon, May 6, 2013 at 10:18 AM, Wayne Tyson <SPAN
dir=ltr><<A href="mailto:landrest@cox.net"
target=_blank>landrest@cox.net</A>></SPAN> wrote:<BR></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style="BORDER-LEFT: #ccc 1px solid; MARGIN: 0px 0px 0px 0.8ex; PADDING-LEFT: 1ex"
class=gmail_quote>
<DIV class=im><U></U>
<DIV lang=EN-US bgcolor="white" link="blue" vlink="blue">
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>A <I>possibility,</I> sure, but not a <I>probability.
</I>Certainly the "soils" were disturbed; they were cut slopes, creating
ideal conditions for colonization by weedy plants. Yes, the "invasives"
could have altered soil properties (one of the ways is soil-building), and
in fact, it could have been the dead invasives that harbored the residues
that killed the emerging native seedlings. </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>Conjecture can be useful, but useless in the
absence of a stated theoretical foundation or actual evidence. What is
needed is good science that can confirm or reject the conjectures.
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>WT</FONT></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style="BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px"
dir=ltr>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>----<BR></DIV></DIV></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV></DIV>_______________________________________________
<DIV class=im><BR>PCA's Alien Plant Working Group mailing list<BR><A
href="mailto:APWG@lists.plantconservation.org"
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message.<BR></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV><BR><BR><BR>_______________________________________________<BR>PCA's
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href="mailto:APWG@lists.plantconservation.org">APWG@lists.plantconservation.org</A><BR><A
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the individual posting the message.<BR></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV><BR><BR clear=all>
<DIV><BR></DIV>-- <BR>Lauren Smith<BR>PhD Candidate<BR>Reynolds
Lab<BR>Department of Biology, Indiana University </DIV></BODY></HTML>