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<DIV dir=ltr align=left><FONT color=#0000ff size=2 face=Arial><SPAN
class=968013111-12022013><STRONG><FONT color=#000000 size=4
face="Times New Roman">Here is an example of the need for research for
biocontrols; Let's do the same for our invasive Japanese Stiltgrass.: Cheatgrass
"has fuelled almost 80% of the largest fires in the west over the last ten
years. Researchers are looking at a range of solutions including using a fungus
to attack the grass seed. " </FONT></STRONG></SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff size=2 face=Arial><SPAN
class=968013111-12022013></SPAN></FONT><FONT color=#0000ff size=2
face=Arial><SPAN class=968013111-12022013> </DIV>
<DIV><BR><SPAN class=687422211-10022013><STRONG><FONT color=#0000ff
face=Arial>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><FONT color=#0000ff size=3><SPAN
class=359283821-06022013><SPAN class=062392812-06022013><SPAN
class=093502804-06022013><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: black">Marc Imlay,
PhD,</SPAN></STRONG><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: blue"><BR></SPAN></B><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: black">Conservation biologist,
Park Ranger Office</SPAN></STRONG></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><FONT color=#0000ff size=3><SPAN
class=359283821-06022013><SPAN class=062392812-06022013><SPAN
class=093502804-06022013><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: black"></SPAN></STRONG><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: black"><SPAN><FONT
color=#0000ff><STRONG><SPAN>Non-native </SPAN>I<SPAN>nvasive Plant Control
coordinator. </SPAN><BR></STRONG></FONT></SPAN><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><A
title="blocked::blocked::blocked::blocked::blocked::tel:(301) 442-5657
blocked::blocked::blocked::blocked::tel:(301) 442-5657
blocked::blocked::blocked::tel:(301) 442-5657
blocked::blocked::tel:(301) 442-5657
blocked::tel:(301) 442-5657"
href="blocked::blocked::blocked::blocked::tel:(301) 442-5657"
target=_blank><FONT
title="blocked::blocked::blocked::blocked::blocked::tel:(301) 442-5657
blocked::blocked::blocked::blocked::tel:(301) 442-5657
blocked::blocked::blocked::tel:(301) 442-5657
blocked::blocked::tel:(301) 442-5657"
color=#0000ff>(301) 442-5657</FONT></A> cell </SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> </SPAN></STRONG></SPAN></B><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: blue; FONT-WEIGHT: normal"><A
title="blocked::blocked::blocked::blocked::blocked::mailto:ialm@erols.com
blocked::blocked::blocked::blocked::mailto:ialm@erols.com
blocked::blocked::blocked::mailto:ialm@erols.com
blocked::blocked::mailto:ialm@erols.com
blocked::mailto:ialm@erols.com"
href="blocked::blocked::blocked::blocked::mailto:ialm@erols.com"><FONT
title="blocked::blocked::blocked::blocked::blocked::mailto:ialm@erols.com
blocked::blocked::blocked::blocked::mailto:ialm@erols.com
blocked::blocked::blocked::mailto:ialm@erols.com
blocked::blocked::mailto:ialm@erols.com"
color=#0000ff>ialm@erols.com</FONT></A></SPAN></STRONG><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: blue"><BR></SPAN></B><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: black">Natural and Historical
Resources Division</SPAN></STRONG><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: black"><BR><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">The
Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning
Commission</SPAN></STRONG><BR></SPAN></B><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: blue; FONT-WEIGHT: normal"><A
title="blocked::blocked::blocked::blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
blocked::blocked::blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
blocked::blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/"
href="blocked::blocked::blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/"><FONT
title="blocked::blocked::blocked::blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
blocked::blocked::blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
blocked::blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/"
color=#0000ff>www.pgparks.com</FONT></A></SPAN></STRONG></DIV></SPAN><BR></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></STRONG></SPAN><BR><BR></DIV></SPAN></FONT>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left>
<HR tabIndex=-1>
</DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><FONT size=2 face=Tahoma><B>From:</B> Marc Imlay
[mailto:ialm@erols.com] <BR><B>Sent:</B> Monday, February 11, 2013 10:32
PM<BR><B>To:</B> 'FriendsOfSligoCreek@yahoogroups.com'<BR><B>Subject:</B> host
specific biological controls of Japanese Stiltgrass and other non-native
invasive species.<BR></FONT><BR></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><FONT color=#0000ff size=2
face=Arial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr lang=en-us class=OutlookMessageHeader align=left><FONT
color=#0000ff face=Arial><SPAN lang=EN>-----Original Message-----</DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left>
<P>From: Sierra Club Maryland Chapter,Alien Invasive [</SPAN><A
href="mailto:MD-CONS-INVASIVES@LISTS.SIERRACLUB.ORG"><U><FONT color=#0000ff
size=2><FONT color=#0000ff size=2><SPAN
lang=EN>mailto:MD-CONS-INVASIVES@LISTS.SIERRACLUB.ORG</U></FONT></FONT></SPAN></A><FONT
size=2><SPAN lang=EN>] On Behalf Of Alex Binck, Stewardship Outings Intern, Marc
Imlay</P>
<P>Sent: Monday, February 11, 2013 4:00 PM</P>
<P>To: MD-CONS-INVASIVES@LISTS.SIERRACLUB.ORG</P>
<P>Subject: [MD-CONS-INVASIVES] Japanese Stiltgrass Send Out To State Senators
and Representatives</P></FONT></SPAN><BR>
<HR>
</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style="BORDER-LEFT: #ccc 1px solid; MARGIN: 0px 0px 0px 0.8ex; PADDING-LEFT: 1ex"
class=gmail_quote>
<DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN><FONT color=#ff0000 size=4><B>Please send a
request to your Senators and Representatives to restore and expand research by
the Federal goverment, including the US Department of Agriculture, on host
specific biological controls of Japanese Stiltgrass and other non-native
invasive species. The following <SPAN>sample letter, </SPAN>legislative
contact information<SPAN>
and</SPAN> background <SPAN>information </SPAN>can be used to
prepare your request.</B><SPAN><FONT color=#0000ff> <B><FONT
color=#ff0000 size=4> </FONT></B> </FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN><FONT
color=#0000ff><SPAN></SPAN></FONT></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN><FONT color=#0000ff><SPAN>
<DIV dir=ltr lang=en-us align=left><FONT color=#0000ff></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><FONT size=3><FONT
color=#ff0000><SPAN><SPAN><SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: garamond,times,serif"><SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #0000ff; FONT-SIZE: small"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: medium"><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><SPAN><SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; FONT-SIZE: medium"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><SPAN><SPAN><FONT color=#0000ff size=3>Dear sir. The
Maryland <SPAN> Chapter of the Sierra Club </SPAN>requests
restoration and expansion of research by the Federal goverment,
</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN><SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: garamond,times,serif"><SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #0000ff; FONT-SIZE: small"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: medium"><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><SPAN><SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; FONT-SIZE: medium"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><SPAN><SPAN><FONT color=#0000ff size=3>including the
US Department of Agriculture, on host specific biological controls of Japanese
Stiltgrass and other non-native invasive species. The field
trip hikers of the <SPAN>Sierra Club </SPAN>remember how bad it
was this year on our outings events.</FONT> <FONT
color=#0000ff><SPAN><FONT size=+0> <FONT
size=3>We </FONT></FONT></SPAN><FONT size=3>request that the Budget
Control Act</FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN>s </SPAN>of <SPAN> 2012
and </SPAN>201<SPAN>3</SPAN> not reduce the annual federal funding of
Federal R & D for biological Control research. (<A
href="http://www.aaas.org/spp/rd" target=_blank>www.aaas.org/spp/rd</A>
) </FONT></FONT><FONT size=4><SPAN><FONT color=#0000ff><FONT
color=#000000 size=4><FONT color=#0000ff><FONT size=3><SPAN>Please</SPAN>
include research for Lyme Disease <SPAN>and Deer Tick
</SPAN>control.</FONT></FONT> <SPAN class=031571703-12022013><FONT
color=#0000ff
size=2> </FONT></SPAN></FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><FONT size=3><FONT
color=#ff0000><SPAN><SPAN><SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: garamond,times,serif"><SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #0000ff; FONT-SIZE: small"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: medium"><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><SPAN><SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; FONT-SIZE: medium"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><SPAN><SPAN><FONT size=4><SPAN><FONT
color=#0000ff><FONT color=#000000 size=4><SPAN
class=031571703-12022013> </SPAN></FONT> </FONT></SPAN><BR></DIV></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><FONT size=3><FONT
color=#ff0000><SPAN><SPAN><SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: garamond,times,serif"><SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: #0000ff; FONT-SIZE: small"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: medium"><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><SPAN><SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; FONT-SIZE: medium"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><SPAN><SPAN><FONT size=4><FONT color=#ff0000><FONT
size=3>BENJAMIN L. CARDIN (Democrat), <I>U.S. Senator from Maryland</I>
</FONT>
<P><I>Capitol Hill:</I><BR>509 Hart Senate Office Building, Washington, DC
20510<BR><A href="tel:%28202%29%20224-4524" target=_blank
value="+12022244524">(202) 224-4524</A>; fax: <A
href="tel:%28202%29%20224-1651" target=_blank value="+12022241651">(202)
224-1651</A><BR>web: <A href="http://www.cardin.senate.gov/"
target=_blank>www.cardin.senate.gov</A> </P>
<P></P>BARBARA A. MIKULSKI (Democrat), <I>U.S. Senator from Maryland</I>
<P><I>Capitol Hill:</I><BR>Hart Senate Office Building, Suite 503, Washington,
DC 20510 - 2003<BR>(202) 224-4654; fax: (202) 224-8858; tdd: (202)
224-5223<BR>web: <A href="http://www.mikulski.senate.gov/"
target=_blank>www.mikulski.senate.gov</A> </P>ANDREW P. HARRIS, M.D.
(Republican), <I>U.S. Representative, 1st Congressional District</I> (Cecil,
Kent, Queen Anne's, Caroline, Talbot, Dorchester, Wicomico, Worcester &
Somerset counties; & parts of Anne Arundel, Baltimore & Harford
counties), Maryland
<P><I>Capitol Hill:</I><BR>506 Cannon House Office Building, Washington, DC
20515<BR>(202) 225-5311; fax: (202) 225-0254<BR>web: <A
href="http://harris.house.gov/" target=_blank>http://harris.house.gov</A>
</P>C. A. DUTCH RUPPERSBERGER III (Democrat), <I>U.S. Representative, 2nd
Congressional District</I> (parts of Anne Arundel, Baltimore & Harford
counties, & Baltimore City), Maryland.
<P><I>Capitol Hill:</I><BR>2453 Rayburn House Office Building, Washington, DC
20515 - 2002<BR>(202) 225-3061, toll free: 1-800-877-8339 (voice/tty); fax:
(202) 225-3094<BR>web: <A href="http://dutch.house.gov/"
target=_blank>http://dutch.house.gov</A> <BR></P>
<P>JOHN P. SARBANES (Democrat), <I>U.S. Representative, 3rd Congressional
District</I> (parts of Anne Arundel, Baltimore & Howard counties, &
Baltimore City), Maryland </P>
<P><I>Capitol Hill:</I><BR>2444 Rayburn House Office Building, Washington, DC
20515<BR>(202) 225-4016; fax: (202) 225-9219<BR>web: <A
href="http://sarbanes.house.gov/"
target=_blank>http://sarbanes.house.gov</A></P>
<P><BR>DONNA F. EDWARDS (Democrat)<BR><I>U.S. Representative, 4th
Congressional District</I> (parts of Prince George's & Montgomery
counties), Maryland </P>
<P><I>Capitol Hill:</I><BR>318 Cannon House Office Building, Washington, DC
20515<BR>(202) 225-8699; fax: (202) 225-8714<BR>web: <A
href="http://donnaedwards.house.gov/"
target=_blank>http://donnaedwards.house.gov/</A></P>
<P><BR>STENY H. HOYER (Democrat), <I>U.S. Representative, 5th Congressional
District</I> (Calvert, Charles & St. Mary's counties, & parts of Anne
Arundel & Prince George's counties), Maryland. </P>
<P><I>Capitol Hill:</I><BR>1705 Longworth House Office Building, Washington,
DC 20515<BR>(202) 225-4131; fax: (202) 225-4300<BR>web: <A
href="http://hoyer.house.gov/" target=_blank>http://hoyer.house.gov</A></P>
<P><BR>JOHN K. DELANEY (Democrat), <I>U.S. Representative, 6th Congressional
District</I> (Allegany, Garrett & Washington counties, & parts of
Frederick & Montgomery counties), Maryland. </P>
<P><I>Capitol Hill:</I><BR></P>
<P>1632 Longworth House Office Building, Washington, DC 20515 - 2006<BR></P>
<P>(202) 225-2721; fax: (202) 225-2193<BR></P>
<P>web: <A href="http://delaney.house.gov/"
target=_blank>http://delaney.house.gov</A></P>
<P>ELIJAH E. CUMMINGS (Democrat), <I>U.S. Representative, 7th Congressional
District</I> (parts of Baltimore City, & Baltimore & Howard counties),
Maryland </P>
<P><I>Capitol Hill:</I><BR>2235 Rayburn House Office Building, Washington, DC
20515<BR>(202) 225-4741; fax: (202) 225-3178<BR>web: <A
href="http://www.house.gov/cummings/"
target=_blank>www.house.gov/cummings/</A></P>
<P><BR>CHRISTOPHER VAN HOLLEN, JR. (Democrat), <I>U.S. Representative, 8th
Congressional District</I> (parts of Montgomery & Prince George's
counties), Maryland. </P>
<P><I>Capitol Hill:</I><BR>1707 Longworth House Office Building, Washington,
DC 20515<BR>(202) 225-5341; fax: (202) 225-0375<BR>web: <A
href="http://vanhollen.house.gov/"
target=_blank>http://vanhollen.house.gov</A>
</P></FONT></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></FONT><B><FONT
color=#0000ff></FONT></B><B><FONT color=#0000ff></FONT></B><B><FONT
color=#0000ff></FONT></B><B><FONT color=#0000ff></FONT></B><BR><FONT
size=4><B>Let's facilitate restoration and expansion of research by the
Federal goverment, including US Department of Agriculture, on host specific
biological controls of Japanese Stiltgrass and other non-native invasive
species. </B><FONT color=#1f497d><B>The field trip hikers of
the </B><SPAN><FONT color=#0000ff><B><FONT color=#1f497d size=4>Sierra
Club</FONT></B> </FONT></SPAN><B>remember how bad it was this year
on our outings events. </B></FONT></FONT><FONT size=4><B>Now is a good
time to request that the Budget Control Act</B><SPAN><FONT color=#0000ff><FONT
color=#000000
size=4><B>s</B></FONT> </FONT></SPAN><B>of </B><SPAN><FONT
color=#0000ff> <B><FONT color=#000000 size=4>2012 and
</FONT></B></FONT></SPAN><B>201<SPAN><FONT color=#0000ff><FONT color=#000000
size=4>3</FONT></FONT></SPAN> not reduce the annual federal funding of
Federal R & D for biological Control research. (<A
href="http://www.aaas.org/spp/rd" target=_blank>www.aaas.org/spp/rd</A>
) </B></FONT><FONT size=4><SPAN><FONT color=#0000ff> <B><FONT
color=#000000
size=4> </FONT></B> </FONT></SPAN><BR><BR><BR><B>Japanese Stiltgrass
has destroyed 10% of our natural environment in our region according to the
surveys done by the National Park Service several years ago. We have been
removing it at many of our preservation sites so that native plants, and the
animals that depend on them, can recolonize in infested areas once a native or
host specific non-native biological control arrives. Unfortunately, climate
change has made routine control of Japanese Stiltgrass several times more
difficult this year. Normally we remove it in late July and come back in late
August for late emergents and it takes 10-20% of the effort for the second
treatment by hand pulling or spraying of monocultures. Now an equal
amount of stiltgrass comes back to treat because of the long hot
Summers. Stiltgrass has been observed to cover much</B><SPAN><FONT
color=#0000ff><B><FONT color=#000000
size=4>,</FONT></B> </FONT></SPAN><B> much more than 10% of our habitats
in our region. <BR><BR><BR> Our tool kit for successful
control of non-native invasive plants includes preventing new invasive species
from coming in from Europe, Asia, and other continents, manual removal, the
use of carefully targeted herbicides, and host specific biological
controls. <BR><BR>Non-native invasive plants are covering all our natural
areas in the region. The quantity of native plants and animals replaced
by competition with non-native species is greater than that lost from all
other causes except direct development in our terrestrial habitats and water
pollution in our aquatic habitats.<BR><BR>Non-native invasive species of
plants such as English Ivy, Japanese Stiltgrass and Kudzu are covering the
natural areas that we in the conservation movement have worked so hard to
protect from habitat destruction, erosion and water pollution. Just as
we are making progress on wetlands, stream bank stabilization, and endangered
species, these plants from other parts of the world have typically covered
20-90% of the surface area of our forests, streams and meadows. Many of us
feel demoralized and powerless to combat these invaders that have few natural
herbivores or other controls. A typical park is 50-500 acres and has over a
hundred species of native plants let alone the hundreds of native species of
insects, mushrooms, snails, reptiles, mammals and birds that depend upon the
plants prior to being covered by monocultures of 5-10 alien
species.<BR><BR><BR>One of our most productive</B><SPAN><FONT
color=#0000ff> </FONT></SPAN><B>activities to save our natural areas is
to facilitate research that will make host specific biological controls
available. Insects that consume the non-native invasive plant species can
substitute for the controls where the species came from in the world. Of the
15 top non-native invasive plant species in the mid-Atlantic region three
(Purple Loosestrife, Mile-a-minute and Garlic Mustard) now have one or two
non-native insects or fungi that feed on them although the permit request for
garlic mustard has not been approved yet. They were brought over after being
tested for host specificity in Eurasia and then tested in quarantine
conditions in the United States. Typically, about 50 such bio-control agents
control these species in their native countries so if one or two can control
them here that is amazing. In actuality, bio-controls work about half the time
reducing the invasive species to about 10% of its former abundance. The
problem of bio-controls harming non-target organisms is only about 3% as
frequent as before the new rules of proving host specificity went into affect
about 20 years ago. Native and indigenous biocontrols are also searched for in
the range of the non-native invasive species in America. <BR><BR>Success
stories include a native viral pathogen (rose-rosette disease), which is
spread by a tiny native mite, Rose-rosette disease, native to the western
U.S.,</B><SPAN><FONT color=#0000ff> <FONT color=#000000 size=4><B>that
</B></FONT></FONT></SPAN><B>has been spreading eastwardly at a slow pace and
is thought to hold the potential for eliminating multiflora rose in areas
where it grows in dense patches. Tree of Heaven is an invasive non-native
plant and is considered one of the top ten weeds in North America for about
200 years. A law passed in the 19th centuary makes it illegal to plant it in
Washington</B><SPAN><FONT color=#0000ff><B><FONT color=#000000
size=4>,</FONT></B></FONT></SPAN><B> DC. A mixture of field and laboratory
research shows that native and indigenous biocontrols from the new Southern
part of the range are available. The insects consist of Aculops
ailanthii and Atteva punctella with various fusarium fungi
co-hosts. </B></FONT><BR><BR clear=all><BR>--
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