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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">I’ve made a mead wine from the berries and imbibed with no ill effects. Charles Deam has this to say in Flora of Indiana (1940) –<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">“…I mention this fact because I believe in due time the fruit of this species will be of horticultural importance. Although the berries have an objectionable
bitter flavor, they are not poisonous as some people think. The root, however, is poisonous. All my life I have been tasting the berries to find one that lacked the characteristic flavor, but without success. About 60 years ago I recall that a hotel keeper
came to our woods to gather pokeberries and elderberries which he canned and used about half and half for making pies. If the pokeberries alone are used, some vinegar should be added. They make a very rich looking and palatable pastry. I recall eating them
in pies when I was a boy. The dried berries macerated with whiskey were formerly used for rheumatism.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Ellen Jacquart</span></b><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Director of Northern
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Indiana Stewardship<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><a href="mailto:ejacquart@tnc.org">ejacquart@tnc.org</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">(317) 829-3814 (Direct Phone)
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">(317) 951-8818 (Main Phone)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">(317) 917-2478 (Fax)
<br>
</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><a href="http://nature.org/" title="http://nature.org/"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt">nature.org</span></b></a></span><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#339933">
</span><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> <img border="0" width="1" height="105" id="Picture_x0020_2" src="cid:image001.gif@01CDC180.E6960B20" alt="Description: Description: http://nature.org/images/emailsig_pixel.gif"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#339933">The Nature Conservancy</span></b><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#339933"><br>
<b>Indiana Field Office</b> </span><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#7030A0"><br>
</span><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">Efroymson Conservation Center</span><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">620 East Ohio Street<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black">Indianapolis, IN 46202-3811</span><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#7030A0"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""> APWG [mailto:apwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Jorge Bogantes Montero<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, October 31, 2012 9:51 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> aliens-l@list.auckland.ac.nz<br>
<b>Cc:</b> INVASIVES@LISTSERV.UMD.EDU; ficmnew@mail.afpmb.org; Brown, Charles L - APHIS; maipc@lists.maipc.org; apwg@lists.plantconservation.org<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [APWG] [Aliens-L] Re: [MAIPC] FW: Invasive Notes: Invasive Bamboo Wars Heat Up<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Another use of the berries is as a natural dye for arts and handicrafts. Also the green berries of some of the Central American congeners were used as laundry soap because of the abundant saponines the unripe berries contain. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Thanks,<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Jorge<br>
<br>
Sent from my iPhone<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><br>
On Oct 31, 2012, at 7:40 PM, Kathi Mestayer <<a href="mailto:kwren@widomaker.com">kwren@widomaker.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Not to advocate eating poke, but you can do it, per Stalking the Wild Asparagus, p. 74. It's not worth the trouble; there are a dozen greens that taste better. But if you follow the instrucctions, it won't kill you. I lived.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Palatino","serif";color:black">Kathi Mestayer<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Palatino","serif";color:black">KMA Consulting<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Palatino","serif";color:black">105 Gilley Drive<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Palatino","serif";color:black">Williamsburg, Va 23188<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Palatino","serif";color:black"><a href="mailto:kwren@widomaker.com">kwren@widomaker.com</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Palatino","serif";color:black">757-229-6575<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Palatino","serif";color:black">757-229-9396 (fax)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-style-span"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Palatino","serif";color:black">"They say it works even if you don't believe in it."</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Palatino","serif";color:black">Nils Bohr, when asked why he had a "lucky" horseshoe nailed above his door.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">On Oct 31, 2012, at 3:18 PM, Tasker, Alan V - APHIS wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><a name="toxicity"></a><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:#1F497D">I’ve heard of it being used as salad in the spring, but: see</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:#476C24"><a href="http://www.oardc.ohio-state.edu/weedguide/singlerecord.asp?id=270">http://www.oardc.ohio-state.edu/weedguide/singlerecord.asp?id=270</a></span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:#476C24"> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:#476C24">Toxicity:</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:#476C24"> </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt">All parts of common pokeweed are toxic to
humans, pets and livestock. Roots are the most poisonous, leaves and stems are intermediate in toxicity (toxicity increases with maturity), and berries are the least toxic. Since common pokeweed is not very palatable, most animals avoid eating it unless little
else is available, or if it is in contaminated hay. Horses, sheep and cattle have been poisoned by eating fresh leaves or green fodder, and pigs have been poisoned by eating the roots. Children are most frequently poisoned by eating raw berries. Infants are
especially sensitive and have died from eating only a few raw berries. Although boiled young shoots have been eaten as greens and berries cooked in pie, ingestion of any part of the plant cannot be recommended. Adults have been poisoned, sometimes fatally,
by eating improperly prepared leaves and shoots, especially if part of the root is harvested with the shoot, and by mistaking the root for an edible tuber. Research with humans has also shown that common pokeweed can cause mutations (possibly leading to cancer)
and birth defects. Since the juice of pokeweed can be absorbed through the skin, contact of plant parts with bare skin should be avoided.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Symptoms of poisoning from common pokeweed include a burning sensation in the mouth, salivation, gastrointestinal cramps, vomiting and bloody diarrhea. Most people and animals recover within 1 to 2 days if
only small quantities are eaten. If large quantities are consumed, more severe symptoms can occur, such as anemia, altered heart rate and respiration, convulsions and death from respiratory failure. The primary toxic compounds are thought to be oxalic acid,
saponins (phytolaccotoxin and phytolaccigenin) and an alkaloid (phytolaccin).</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Alan V. Tasker, Ph.D. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Consolas;color:#1F497D">Senior Regulatory Policy Specialist</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Consolas;color:#1F497D">USDA Animal & Plant Health Inspection Service</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Consolas;color:#1F497D">Plant Protection & Quarantine</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Consolas;color:#1F497D">Regulations, Permits & Manuals;</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Consolas;color:#1F497D">Plants for Planting Import & Policy Staff</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">4700 River Road,<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>4A03.18</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Riverdale, MD 20737</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><a href="mailto:Alan.V.Tasker@aphis.usda.gov"><span style="font-size:9.0pt">Alan.V.Tasker@aphis.usda.gov</span></a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#4F81BD">Desk 301-851-2224 Mobile 301-346-7207</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#4F81BD">Fax 301-734-8584</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><a href="http://www.aphis.usda.gov/import_export/plants/plant_imports/Q37"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"">http://www.aphis.usda.gov/import_export/plants/plant_imports/Q37</span></a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Baskerville Old Face","serif";color:#C00000">Subscribe to the PPQ Stakeholder registry at:</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#C00000"> </span></b></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><a href="https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDAAPHIS/subscriber/new"><b>https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDAAPHIS/subscriber/new</b></a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">From:</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""> </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""><a href="mailto:maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org">maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org</a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>[<a href="mailto:maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org">mailto:maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org</a>]<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b>On
Behalf Of<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></b>Maze, Dominic<br>
<b>Sent:</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Wednesday, October 31, 2012 11:57 AM<br>
<b>To:</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>'Robert Layton Beyfuss';<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:ialm@erols.com">ialm@erols.com</a>;<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:ficmnew@mail.afpmb.org">ficmnew@mail.afpmb.org</a>;<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org">maipc@lists.maipc.org</a>;<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:apwg@lists.plantconservation.org">apwg@lists.plantconservation.org</a>;<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:INVASIVES@LISTSERV.UMD.EDU">INVASIVES@LISTSERV.UMD.EDU</a>;<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:aliens-l@list.auckland.ac.nz">aliens-l@list.auckland.ac.nz</a><br>
<b>Subject:</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Re: [MAIPC] [APWG] FW: Invasive Notes: Invasive Bamboo Wars Heat Up</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:navy">I enjoy reading about the restoration challenges from our colleagues on the East Coast; especially when the discussion involves your natives that, as in the case
of pokeweed, are newly emerging invasives we are expending resources on to control here. Observing the rapid spread of pokeweed in the Portland (Oregon) Metro region and its significant underground biomass, I have no doubt that it could be a strong competitor
against whatever bamboo you’re dealing with (<i>Phyllostachys<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></i>sp<i>.</i>?). </span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:navy">Also, when I began researching the threat to human health from pokeweed a couple years back, I could find only one<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>documented</i><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>instance
of a fatality due to ingestion. Does anyone from pokeweed’s native range have any other information, anecdotal or otherwise, to support or refute the notion that pokeweed is a significant threat to human health?</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:navy">Thanks in advance,</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="color:green">Dominic Maze</span></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="color:green"> </span></span><span style="color:green">|<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:gray">Invasive
Species Coordinator/Biologist</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:gray">City of Portland Environmental Services</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:gray">1120 SW 5th Avenue, Room 1000</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:gray">Portland, Oregon 97204</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:gray">p: (503) 823-4899</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:gray">f: (503) 823-5344</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:gray"><a href="mailto:dominic.maze@portlandoregon.gov">dominic.maze@portlandoregon.gov</a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color:gray"><a href="http://www.portlandonline.com/bes/index.cfm?c=45696"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">www.portlandonline.com/bes/invasives</span></a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">From:</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""> </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">APWG
[<a href="mailto:apwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org">mailto:apwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org</a>]<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b>On Behalf Of<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></b>Robert Layton Beyfuss<br>
<b>Sent:</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Thursday, October 25, 2012 7:46 AM<br>
<b>To:</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Marc Imlay;<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:ficmnew@mail.afpmb.org">ficmnew@mail.afpmb.org</a>;<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org">maipc@lists.maipc.org</a>;<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:apwg@lists.plantconservation.org">apwg@lists.plantconservation.org</a>;<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:INVASIVES@LISTSERV.UMD.EDU">INVASIVES@LISTSERV.UMD.EDU</a>;<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:aliens-l@list.auckland.ac.nz">aliens-l@list.auckland.ac.nz</a><br>
<b>Subject:</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Re: [APWG] FW: Invasive Notes: Invasive Bamboo Wars Heat Up</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Our native pokeweed is a beautiful plant that can rival bamboo in size and stature on a good site. The spring greens were often cooked and eaten in Appalachia,
but the mature foliage, berries and roots especially, are highly toxic. Kids will sometimes eat the attractive and juicy black berries or use them to make “ink” as I did as a child. Fortunately the berries are not highly toxic, but I wonder if planting something
that is poisonous will send up some red flags?</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">As nasty as garlic mustard is, I would not want to see it replaced by poison ivy, native or not. Pokeweed is only poisonous if ingested.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Bob</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">From:</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""> </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">APWG
[<a href="mailto:apwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org">mailto:apwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org</a>]<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b>On Behalf Of<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></b>Marc Imlay<br>
<b>Sent:</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Wednesday, October 24, 2012 1:31 PM<br>
<b>To:</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:ficmnew@mail.afpmb.org">ficmnew@mail.afpmb.org</a>;<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org">maipc@lists.maipc.org</a>;<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:apwg@lists.plantconservation.org">apwg@lists.plantconservation.org</a>;<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:INVASIVES@LISTSERV.UMD.EDU">INVASIVES@LISTSERV.UMD.EDU</a>;<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:aliens-l@list.auckland.ac.nz">aliens-l@list.auckland.ac.nz</a><br>
<b>Subject:</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>[APWG] FW: Invasive Notes: Invasive Bamboo Wars Heat Up</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Subject: Bamboo Control with native pokeweed</span></strong><b><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><br>
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<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Anacostia Watershed Society treated a bamboo patch at Magruder Woods in Hyattsville, Maryland, several years ago. Next year all the bamboo was still dead. However, the following year the patch was covered
with new bamboo shoots. Last year and the year before I observed that the bamboo was gone. At the Fall conference of the Maryland Native Plant Society in Towson on September 29, 2012 I asked Jorge Bogantes with AWS how they did this. He told me that they successfully
used native American Pokeweed. AWS found out that about 5% of the bamboo was not killed by the pokeweed and had to be cut down.</span></strong><br>
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<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">I suggest we experiment this year with controlling bamboo patches we have cut down this year with pokeweed. We can go out soon to the open space habitats where we are controlling bamboo and identify which
ones have pokeweed? Then we can treat half of the patches but leave the other half alone and see if resurgent pokeweed outcompetes the bamboo. The bamboo may need one year foliar treatment for the pokeweed to work.</span></strong><br>
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<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Marc Imlay, PhD,</span></strong><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Conservation biologist, Park Ranger Office</span></strong><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">(301) 442-5657 cell</span></strong><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""> <a href="mailto:ialm@erols.com"><span style="font-weight:normal">ialm@erols.com</span></a></span></strong><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Natural and Historical Resources Division</span></strong><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">The Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission</span></strong><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><a href="http://www.pgparks.com"><span style="font-weight:normal">www.pgparks.com</span></a></span></strong><br>
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<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">--------------------------------------------------------------------------------</span></strong><br>
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<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">From: Jorge Bogantes Montero [</span></strong></span></b><a href="mailto:jmontero@anacostiaws.org"><strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">mailto:jmontero@anacostiaws.org</span></strong></a><strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">]</span></strong><b><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Sent: Friday, October 05, 2012 11:00 AM</span></strong><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">To: Marc Imlay</span></strong><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Cc: Sheila Salo; Craig Tupper; Cynthia Robinson; Dan Smith; Dave & Casey Kneipp; Dave Rapp; Laila Riazi; Marian Dombroski; Matt T. Salo; Michael Callahan; RJ Eldridge;</span></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><a href="mailto:Marc.Imlay@mncppc.microsoftonline.com"><span style="font-weight:normal">Marc.Imlay@mncppc.microsoftonline.com</span></a></span></strong><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Subject: Re: WMATA invasives contact?</span></strong><br>
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<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Hi Marc,</span></strong><br>
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<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">After I sprayed the bamboo we planted trees and then noticed a resurgence of pokeweed which I know is weedy. So I just left it alone and it actually inhibited the bamboo from massively regrowing. I know
I just have to control (with machetes) of the shoots that have made it to grow tall.</span></strong><br>
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<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">In some cases nature can help you if you know how to play with it. Especially the aggresive native plants ;)</span></strong><br>
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<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Thanks,</span></strong><br>
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<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Jorge</span></strong><br>
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<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Sent from my iPhone</span></strong><br>
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<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">On Oct 5, 2012, at 6:22 AM, Marc Imlay <<a href="mailto:ialm@erols.com"><span style="font-weight:normal">ialm@erols.com</span></a>> wrote:</span></strong><br>
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<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">I can come late in October for the bamboo. Anacostia Watershed Society spread out the native poke weed over bamboo that had come back after being treated a year or two before at Magruder Woods. It outcompeted
most of the shoots. We may want to try this as an experiment in the Spring for any that survive the spraying. Jorge, would you like to describe and share this poke weed project?</span></strong><br>
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<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Marc Imlay, PhD,</span></strong><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Conservation biologist, Park Ranger Office</span></strong><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">(301) 442-5657 cell</span></strong><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""> <a href="mailto:ialm@erols.com"><span style="font-weight:normal">ialm@erols.com</span></a></span></strong><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Natural and Historical Resources Division</span></strong><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">The Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission</span></strong><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><a href="http://www.pgparks.com"><span style="font-weight:normal">www.pgparks.com</span></a></span></strong><br>
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<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">-----Original Message-----</span></strong><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">From: john peter thompson [</span></strong></span></b><a href="mailto:ipetrus@msn.com"><strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">mailto:ipetrus@msn.com</span></strong></a><strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">]</span></strong><b><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Sent: Wednesday, October 17, 2012 8:53 AM</span></strong><br>
<br>
</span></b><a href="http://ipetrus.blogspot.com/2012/10/invasive-bamboo-wars-heat-up.html"><strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">http://ipetrus.blogspot.com/2012/10/invasive-bamboo-wars-heat-up.html</span></strong></a><br>
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<br>
<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">As I have been saying for about 20 years now, the result of a concerted attack on any effective national policy will be the rise of a fragmented mosaic of mini policies and here they come</span></strong><b><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><br>
<br>
<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">There is a substantial private property liability case embedded in this. Insurance companies have banded together to fight the lone woman leading the charge who is pleading her case successfully so far
without a lawyer. The insurance companies have been repeatedly reprimanded by the judge for their unprofessional and actions that may be subject to contept citations from the bench in the case. At one point the judge threatened to have the CEOs of three insurance
companies digging bamboo personally if their lawyers did not stop their attempts to run rough shod over the legal propcess</span></strong></span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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