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<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=515015911-30082012><FONT color=#0000ff
face=Arial><STRONG>I show my volunteers how Poison ivy is dominant in eary
succession habitats after an unnatural disturbance but becomes a minor species
in fully recovered woodlands. The same for
sweetgum.</STRONG></FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=515015911-30082012><STRONG><FONT
color=#0000ff face=Arial></FONT></STRONG></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><SPAN class=515015911-30082012>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial><SPAN
class=yiv1956453493984054909-27082012>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial><SPAN
class=yiv1956453493-15082012><FONT color=#008000><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><SPAN
class=yiv1956453493-15082012><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"></SPAN>Marc Imlay,
PhD,</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B></FONT></SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial><SPAN
class=yiv1956453493-15082012><FONT color=#008000><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><SPAN
class=yiv1956453493-15082012><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-WEIGHT: bold"></SPAN></SPAN>Conservation
biologist, Park Ranger Office</SPAN></B><SPAN
style="COLOR: black"></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></FONT></DIV><FONT color=#0000ff
face=Arial>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left>
<DIV class=yiv1956453493MsoNormal><FONT color=#008000><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">(301)
442-5657 cell</SPAN></B><SPAN style="COLOR: black"></SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=yiv1956453493MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><A
title="outbind://108-00000000225939C98B5E7D48B4C5B9F966A1349FC47E8D00/
blocked::blocked::mailto:Marc.Imlay@pgparks.com
blocked::mailto:Marc.Imlay@pgparks.com
mailto:Marc.Imlay@pgparks.com"
href="" rel=nofollow></A><A
title="outbind://108-00000000225939C98B5E7D48B4C5B9F966A1349FC47E8D00/
blocked::blocked::mailto:Marc.Imlay@pgparks.com
blocked::mailto:Marc.Imlay@pgparks.com
mailto:Marc.Imlay@pgparks.com"
href="" rel=nofollow></A><FONT color=#008000> </FONT><A
title="outbind://108-00000000225939C98B5E7D48B4C5B9F966A1349FC47E8D00/
blocked::blocked::mailto:ialm@erols.com
blocked::mailto:ialm@erols.com
mailto:ialm@erols.com"
href="" rel=nofollow><FONT
title="outbind://108-00000000225939C98B5E7D48B4C5B9F966A1349FC47E8D00/
blocked::blocked::mailto:ialm@erols.com
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color=#008000>ialm@erols.com</FONT></A></SPAN></B><SPAN
style="COLOR: black"></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV class=yiv1956453493MsoNormal><FONT color=#008000><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Natural
and Historical Resources Division</SPAN></B><SPAN
style="COLOR: black"></SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=yiv1956453493MsoNormal><FONT color=#008000><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold">The
Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning
Commission</SPAN></B><SPAN style="COLOR: black"></SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=yiv1956453493MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold"><A
title="blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
http://www.pgparks.com"
href="http://www.pgparks.com/" rel=nofollow target=_blank><FONT
title=blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
color=#008000>www.pgparks.com</FONT></A></SPAN></B></DIV></DIV></FONT><BR></SPAN></FONT></DIV></SPAN></DIV><BR>
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<FONT size=2 face=Tahoma><B>From:</B> apwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org
[mailto:apwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org] <B>On Behalf Of
</B>Patricia_DeAngelis@fws.gov<BR><B>Sent:</B> Monday, August 27, 2012 10:25
AM<BR><B>To:</B> Robert Layton Beyfuss<BR><B>Cc:</B>
native-plants@lists.plantconservation.org; apwg@lists.plantconservation.org;
Katy Cummings<BR><B>Subject:</B> Re: [APWG] [PCA] Native Phragmites
Data<BR></FONT><BR></DIV>
<DIV></DIV><BR><FONT size=3 face=sans-serif>Cheers, Bob!</FONT> <BR><BR><FONT
size=3 face=sans-serif>My two cents: </FONT>
<UL>
<LI><FONT size=3 face=sans-serif>A native can most definitely be an invasive.
Teal and Mark's comments elucidate that issue well. </FONT>
<LI><FONT size=3 face=sans-serif>I'm not sure what list you might be referring
to, but from what I understand of the Federal Noxious Weed list, I believe
that plants that are either naturalized or have completely overrun the US will
not end up on that list. I believe that list tends to include species that are
in the earlier stages of invasion where prevention of further influxes can
still make a difference for slowing the spread. I also doubt it would be on
any state list - those often tend to be geared to non-natives and ornamental
plants - of which poison ivy is neither. </FONT></LI></UL><BR><FONT size=3
face=sans-serif>It seems like poison ivy falls into a strange no-man's land - as
a native, it doesn't seem to fit on the PCA ALien Plant WOrking Group listserve
- yet the expertise on that list may be more appropriate (versus this general
native plant listserve) because they are the folks with specific insight on
invasive species biology. </FONT><BR><BR><FONT size=3 face=sans-serif>I wonder
if any of the National Park Service Exotic Plant Management Teams have
identified it as among their top ten target taxa in any of their regions?
</FONT> <BR><BR><FONT size=3 face=sans-serif>-Patricia</FONT>
<BR><BR><FONT size=2 face=sans-serif>Patricia S. De Angelis, Ph.D.<BR>Botanist,
Division of Scientific Authority-US Fish & Wildlife Service-International
Affairs<BR>Chair, Medicinal Plant Working Group-Plant Conservation
Alliance<BR>4401 N. Fairfax Dr., Suite 110<BR>Arlington, VA
22203<BR>703-358-1708 x1753<BR>FAX: 703-358-2276<BR><BR>Promoting
sustainable use and conservation of our native medicinal plants.
<BR><www.nps.gov/plants/medicinal><BR><BR>Follow International
Affairs<BR>> on Twitter </FONT><A
href="http://twitter.com/USFWSInternatl"><FONT size=2
face=sans-serif>http://twitter.com/USFWSInternatl<BR>> on Facebook
</FONT><A href="http://www.facebook.com/USFWS_InternationalAffairs"><FONT size=2
face=sans-serif>http://www.facebook.com/USFWS_InternationalAffairs</FONT></A></A>
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<TD width="40%"><FONT size=1 face=sans-serif><B>Robert Layton Beyfuss
<rlb14@cornell.edu></B> </FONT><BR><FONT size=1 face=sans-serif>Sent
by: native-plants-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org</FONT>
<P><FONT size=1 face=sans-serif>08/27/2012 09:45 AM</FONT> </P>
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<DIV align=right><FONT size=1 face=sans-serif>To</FONT></DIV>
<TD><FONT size=1 face=sans-serif>Katy Cummings
<katy.e.cummings@gmail.com>,
"native-plants@lists.plantconservation.org"
<native-plants@lists.plantconservation.org></FONT>
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<TD>
<DIV align=right><FONT size=1 face=sans-serif>cc</FONT></DIV>
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<DIV align=right><FONT size=1 face=sans-serif>Subject</FONT></DIV>
<TD><FONT size=1 face=sans-serif>Re: [PCA] Native Phragmites
Data</FONT></TR></TBODY></TABLE><BR>
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color=#004080 size=2 face=Calibri>Hi All</FONT> <BR><FONT color=#004080 size=2
face=Calibri>I am a bit confused and hope you can enlighten me. I thought that
the basic definition of an invasive plant was that it had to be exotic.
There are many native plants that create almost solid monocultures such as
common goldenrod yet can it be “undesirable” at any density? . Poison ivy can
overrun entire areas but I have never seen it listed as invasive.
</FONT><BR><FONT color=#004080 size=2 face=Calibri>Bob </FONT><BR><FONT
color=#004080 size=2 face=Calibri> </FONT> <BR><FONT size=2
face=Tahoma><B>From:</B> native-plants-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org
[mailto:native-plants-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org] <B>On Behalf Of
</B>Katy Cummings<B><BR>Sent:</B> Monday, August 20, 2012 9:28 PM<B><BR>To:</B>
native-plants@lists.plantconservation.org<B><BR>Subject:</B> [PCA] Native
Phragmites Data</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>
<BR><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman">Fellow Conservationists-</FONT>
<BR><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman"> </FONT> <BR><FONT size=3
face="Times New Roman">I work for The Nature Conservancy (TNC) in Door County,
WI. My main project this summer has been mapping exotic and native stands
of Phragmites (<I>Phragmites australis</I> and <I>Phragmites australis
americanus</I>) throughout TNC properties in Door County. I have some
questions and experiences to share with you as our organization tries to learn
more about the native/exotic Phragmites issue. </FONT> <BR><FONT size=3
face="Times New Roman"> </FONT> <BR><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman">We
all know what havoc the exotic Phragmites subspecies can wreak on an ecosystem,
but do we know anything about the native subspecies? <B>Is there any
research out there showing that the native Phragmites can behave as aggressively
as the exotic? </B>In Door County, the native usually grows in scattered
to moderate densities along with other wetland plants, with a few patches
showing denser concentrations. There are a few areas where the native has
reached undesirable “dense” concentrations, but as of yet we don’t know
why.</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman"> </FONT> <BR><FONT
size=3 face="Times New Roman"><B>What other plants are associated with the
native Phragmites?</B> TNC will be setting up monitoring plots soon on
some of our native patches, and when we get that data I’ll send it to any
interested people from this list. The only list I’ve been able to find is
from a chapter by Laura Meyerson et al. in “Invasions in North American Salt
Marshes” entitled “Phragmites australis in Eastern North America: A Historical
and Ecological Perspective”. Does anyone know of other lists from
different regions of the U.S.?</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3
face="Times New Roman"> </FONT> <BR><FONT size=3
face="Times New Roman"><B>Are there any patterns to where native Phragmites is
found? </B>During my mapping of the plant in Door County, I’ve generally
found native Phragmites set back from the edge of waterways and growing in more
marshy areas.</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>
<BR><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman"><B>What have you all seen as far as size
of patches, number of patches, location, rate of spread, etc. of the native
Phragmites in your area? </B>Most of the wetlands in Door County are fed
by alkaline ground water discharge as a result of movement through the
underlying dolomitic bedrock. I assume that because of these alkaline
conditions we have a higher population of native Phragmites than perhaps other
regions of the Midwest. Is this true? </FONT> <BR><FONT size=3
face="Times New Roman"> </FONT> <BR><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman">To
help answer these questions, The Nature Conservancy’s Door Peninsula office has
temporarily halted eradication measures of native lineages of <I>Phragmites</I>.
We are in the process of developing long-term monitoring plots in native
<I>Phragmites </I>stands throughout Nature Conservancy holdings in Door County,
WI. The goals of this monitoring project will be to assess the following
questions:</FONT>
<P><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman"><I>1.</I></FONT><FONT size=1
face="Times New Roman"><I> </I></FONT><FONT size=3
face="Times New Roman">Under what conditions do native stands become
aggressive?</FONT>
<P><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman"><I>2.</I></FONT><FONT size=1
face="Times New Roman"><I> </I></FONT><FONT size=3
face="Times New Roman">At what threshold is a native stand damaging to the
community? </FONT>
<P><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman"><I>3.</I></FONT><FONT size=1
face="Times New Roman"><I> </I></FONT><FONT size=3
face="Times New Roman">What plants are commonly associated with native
<I>Phragmites </I>in the Great Lakes region?</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3
face="Times New Roman">If you are interested, I can send you a more detailed
methodology for our monitoring project, including what parameters we will be
sampling. </FONT> <BR><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>
<BR><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman">As an additional note, I’d encourage
people to mention there is a native variety of Phragmites and differentiate
between the two strains in any publications or documents.</FONT> <BR><FONT
size=3 face="Times New Roman"> </FONT> <BR><FONT size=3
face="Times New Roman">I look forward to your input!</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3
face="Times New Roman"> </FONT> <BR><FONT size=3
face="Times New Roman"> </FONT> <BR><FONT size=3
face="Times New Roman">Thanks again,</FONT> <BR><FONT size=3
face="Times New Roman">Katy Cummings</FONT> <BR><A
href="mailto:katy.e.cummings@gmail.com"><FONT color=blue size=3
face="Times New Roman"><U>katy.e.cummings@gmail.com</U></FONT></A> <BR><FONT
size=3 face="Times New Roman"><BR><BR>-- <BR>Katherine E. Cummings<BR>Door
Peninsula Conservation Intern<BR>The Nature Conservancy<BR>Sturgeon Bay,
WI</FONT><TT><FONT
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