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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>"Big crabs have little crabs,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>upon their backs to bite 'em,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>and little crabs have lesser crabs--</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>and so ad infinitum." </FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE dir=ltr
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<DIV
style="BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: black"><B>From:</B>
<A title=jwpines@juno.com href="mailto:jwpines@juno.com">Jennifer
Wilson-Pines</A> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A title=ialm@erols.com
href="mailto:ialm@erols.com">ialm@erols.com</A> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Cc:</B> <A
title=apwg@lists.plantconservation.org
href="mailto:apwg@lists.plantconservation.org">apwg@lists.plantconservation.org</A>
</DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Saturday, January 29, 2011 7:21
AM</DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: [APWG] Exotics species
overhyped,according to Feb.2011 SCI AMER a rticle</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV>I don't have a paper, but anecdotally we've found that when the
asian/Japanese shore crab, <EM><STRONG>Hemigrapsus
sanguineus</STRONG></EM> moves in it pretty much decimates the native
crab and even the introduced green crab alike by eating larvae. I had
heard that talk about a study as to whether the shore crabs were
also eating lobster larvae but don't know if it got funded. And
there's also garlic mustard and the West Virginia White butterfly, <A
href="http://www.nps.gov/plants/alien/fact/alpe1.htm">http://www.nps.gov/plants/alien/fact/alpe1.htm</A></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Jennifer Pines<BR>---------- Original Message ----------<BR>From: "Marc
Imlay" <ialm@erols.com><BR>To:
<apwg@lists.plantconservation.org><BR>Subject: Re: [APWG] Exotics
species overhyped, according to Feb.2011 SCI AMER article<BR>Date: Fri, 28 Jan
2011 13:35:08 -0500<BR><BR>
<P></P>
<P> </P>
<DIV class=Section1>
<P class=MsoPlainText><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">-----Original
Message-----<BR>From: Tom Dudley [mailto:tdudley@msi.ucsb.edu] <BR>Sent:
Friday, January 28, 2011 12:24 AM<BR>To: Marc Imlay<BR>Subject: RE: Exotics
species overhyped, according to Feb.2011 SCI AMER
article</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></SPAN></SPAN></STRONG> </P>
<P class=MsoPlainText><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></SPAN></SPAN></STRONG> </P>
<P class=MsoPlainText><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Thanks for that
response, Marc. I have to constantly remind people that<SPAN
style="COLOR: #000080"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"> </SPAN></SPAN>tamarisk is
not good habitat necessary for sustaining birds, it is merely<SPAN
style="COLOR: #000080"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"> </SPAN></SPAN>satisfactory
habitat that does provide usable habitat for a few species,<SPAN
style="COLOR: #000080"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"> </SPAN></SPAN>including one
endangered one. We've seen increases in SW willow<SPAN
style="COLOR: #000080"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"> </SPAN></SPAN>flycatchers
now in several locations where tamarisk is replaced by native<SPAN
style="COLOR: #000080"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"> </SPAN></SPAN>willows.
FYI, I've attached a recent paper we did on the current<SPAN
style="COLOR: #000080"><SPAN style="COLOR: navy"> </SPAN></SPAN>biocontrol
assessment program in the Virgin River.</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Cheers,</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Tom</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText><STRONG><SPAN
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style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Tom
Dudley</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
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style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Marine Science
Institute</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
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style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">University</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"> of
California</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG></STRONG></P>
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style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Santa
Barbara</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN
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93106-6150</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
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style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">University</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN
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style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"> of Nevada,
Reno</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
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Hall 1128; Lab: Noble 1250</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
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style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Phone:
805-893-2911; Lab: 893-3057</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">tdudley@msi.ucsb.edu</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">http://rivrlab.msi.ucsb.edu/</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
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style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></SPAN></SPAN></STRONG> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: x-small; COLOR: #000080; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></SPAN></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: x-small; COLOR: #000080; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></SPAN></SPAN> </P>
<DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">
<HR SIZE=2>
</SPAN></SPAN></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: x-small; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">From:</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: x-small; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"> Holly Sletteland
[mailto:hslettel@calpoly.edu] <BR><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Sent:</SPAN></STRONG> Friday, January 28, 2011 11:34
AM<BR><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">To:</SPAN></STRONG> 'Marc
Imlay'; apwg@lists.plantconservation.org<BR><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Subject:</SPAN></STRONG> RE: [APWG] Exotics species
overhyped, according to Feb.2011 SCI AMER article</SPAN></SPAN></P></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"></SPAN></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: x-small; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri">I subscribe to
Scientific American and was very dismayed to see that article. It takes
a highly anthropogenic view of invasive species, contending that we should
only worry about them if they cause harm to the economy or health and learn to
live with most everything else. He acknowledges that some species have
proven ecologically harmful, but downplays it, focusing instead on the
supposed exaggeration of environmental impacts. Scientific American is
very widely read. I would hope that someone with more impressive credentials
than myself would take him to task for this article in a letter to the
editor.</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: x-small; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri"></SPAN></SPAN> </P>
<DIV>
<DIV
style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: #b5c4df 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 3pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none">
<P class=MsoNormal><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: x-small; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">From:</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: x-small; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">
apwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org
[mailto:apwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org] <STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">On Behalf Of </SPAN></STRONG>Marc
Imlay<BR><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Sent:</SPAN></STRONG>
Thursday, January 27, 2011 5:02 PM<BR><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">To:</SPAN></STRONG>
apwg@lists.plantconservation.org<BR><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Subject:</SPAN></STRONG> Re: [APWG] Exotics species
overhyped, according to Feb.2011 SCI AMER
article</SPAN></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"></SPAN></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></SPAN></SPAN></STRONG> </P>
<P><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Regarding
“</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN lang=EN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">the exotic plant is considered a
critical habitat for endangered bird species, such as the <A
title=http://www.scientificamerican.com/blog/60-second-science/post.cfm?id=biologists-arent-keeping-track-of-e-2009-05-27
href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/blog/60-second-science/post.cfm?id=biologists-arent-keeping-track-of-e-2009-05-27"><SPAN
style="COLOR: #000000"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext">southwestern willow
flycatcher</SPAN></SPAN></A> that nests in its branches.” so was the
</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">native cottonwood and willow
trees replaced by the salt cedar critical habitat for the bird (There was only
one listed endangered bird species, not several as implied). We have to
replace the salt cedar that we remove with the original natives. In this case
one of the benefits of the native ecosystem was retained by the exotic
ecosystem but other benefits were lost. The biological control can be released
where the endangered bird is not present but only mechanical and herbicidal
control should be used where the endangered bird is surviving, and only
gradually while the native trees grow up and support the endangered bird.
The same phenomena occurred in Hawaii when the birds that endangered
plants depended upon became extinct (because of us). It became necessary to
retain non-native birds that the endangered plants need. We chose a less
invasive species of bird to retain that worked for the plants.
</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Regarding
</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN lang=EN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">“There have been thousands of
nonnative species introduced in the United States," he says, "and they have
not caused one native species to go extinct.", Davis is incorrect. While it is
true that invasive plant species alone on the mainland have caused few
extinctions the same can be said for other causes. It is the cumulative impact
that generally causes extinction. Examination of endangered and extinct
species has shown that replacement by monocultures occurs over a significant
portion of the ranges of about 40% of endangered species. For
example, in a paper by Sam Fuller and myself, we did a field survey of the
endangered mussel, Elliptio waccamawensis, in North Carolina We found that the
invasive Asiatic clam, Corbicula </SPAN></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: -0.15pt">manilensis</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN lang=EN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">, replaced the native mussels
which we found dead on the banks but only where the creeks were disturbed by
the Army Corps of Engineers. Where the Asiatic clam had not yet reached the
disturbed habitat the mussels survived. The Asiatic Clam was present, but in a
much lower density, in pristine unpolluted habitat and the mussels also
survived. </SPAN></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Fuller, S. L. H. and M. J.
Imlay. 1976. Spatial competition between Corbicula <BR>manilensis (Philippi),
the Chinese clam (Corbiculidae), and the freshwater <SPAN
style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.15pt">mussels (Unionidae) in the Waccamaw River
basin of the Carolinas (Mollusca: Bivalvia). Association of Southeastern
Biologists, Bulletin 23(2):60. </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: -0.15pt"></SPAN></SPAN></STRONG> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: -0.15pt">[Abstract]</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; LETTER-SPACING: -0.15pt">
Dead mussel shells and abundant living Corbicula manilensis (Philippi, 1841)
were found below the confluence of the Waccamaw River with the intracoastal
Waterway (Horry County, South Carolina), where the river is profoundly
disturbed by human activities. Above this confluence, where the river is, in
general, little disturbed, mussels were found increasingly dominant over C.
manilensis, as samples were taken further upstream, until the latter
disappeared. C. manilensis reappeared in Lake Waccamaw (Columbus County, North
Carolina), but mussels persisted in apparently diminished numbers. The lake is
almost encircled by extant and potential land development, but its floor
remains negligibly damaged. It appears that C. manilensis does not (and
perhaps cannot) dominate indigenous bivalves in nearly or quite natural
habitats, at least in slowly moving, soft bottom Coastal Plain streams of the
Atlantic drainage. Corollarily, not to disturb aquatic habitats may be man's
best defense against domination of the benthos by C. manilensis.
</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN lang=EN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Cheers.</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; COLOR: #000080; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Marc
Imlay, PhD,</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; COLOR: #000080; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Conservation
biologist, Park Ranger Office</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; COLOR: #000080; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">(301)
442-5657 cell</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; COLOR: #000080; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><A
title=mailto:Marc.Imlay@pgparks.com href="mailto:Marc.Imlay@pgparks.com"><SPAN
style="COLOR: #000080"><SPAN
style="COLOR: navy">Marc.Imlay@pgparks.com</SPAN></SPAN></A> <A
title=mailto:ialm@erols.com
href="mailto:ialm@erols.com">ialm@erols.com</A></SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; COLOR: #000080; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Natural
and Historical Resources Division</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; COLOR: #000080; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">The Maryland-National Capital Park and
Planning Commission</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; COLOR: #000080; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><A
title=http://www.pgparks.com
href="http://www.pgparks.com">www.pgparks.com</A></SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 30pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"> </SPAN></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN lang=EN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Alien Invasion? An Ecologist
Doubts the Impact of </SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 30pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN lang=EN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Exotic
Species</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P id=articleDek
style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 5.25pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0in; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: 0in"><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN lang=EN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Many
conservationists have dedicated their lives to eradicating invasive plant and
animal species, but Mark Davis wants them to reassess their
missions</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=articleinfo1><SPAN class=byline1><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN lang=EN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">By <A
title=http://www.scientificamerican.com/author.cfm?id=1575
href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/author.cfm?id=1575"><SPAN
style="COLOR: #000000"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext">Brendan
Borrell</SPAN></SPAN></A> </SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></SPAN><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN lang=EN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"> | <SPAN
class=datestamp3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial">August 14,
2009 |</SPAN></SPAN> <A
title="http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=alien-invasion-ecologist-doubts-exotic&page=2#comments#comments comments on this article"
href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=alien-invasion-ecologist-doubts-exotic&page=2#comments#comments"><SPAN
style="COLOR: #000000"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext">43</SPAN></SPAN></A>
</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 18.75pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto"><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN lang=EN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><BR>As Chew and
his co-authors point out in the March issue of <A
title=http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122240688/abstract
href="http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122240688/abstract"><EM><EM><SPAN
style="COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; TEXT-DECORATION: none">Restoration
Ecology</SPAN></SPAN></EM></EM></A>, salt cedar was just a scapegoat in the <A
title=http://www.scientificamerican.com/topic.cfm?id=water
href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/topic.cfm?id=water"><SPAN
style="COLOR: #000000"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext">water</SPAN></SPAN></A>
wars that have gripped the Southwest. Today, many early claims have been
refuted and the exotic plant is considered a critical habitat for endangered
bird species, such as the <A
title=http://www.scientificamerican.com/blog/60-second-science/post.cfm?id=biologists-arent-keeping-track-of-e-2009-05-27
href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/blog/60-second-science/post.cfm?id=biologists-arent-keeping-track-of-e-2009-05-27"><SPAN
style="COLOR: #000000"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext">southwestern willow
flycatcher</SPAN></SPAN></A> that nests in its
branches.</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 18.75pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto"><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN lang=EN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">In his book
Davis picks apart the claim that invasive species are the second-leading cause
of extinctions. He traces that meme back to a 1998 paper by Princeton
ecologist <A title=http://www.princeton.edu/step/people/faculty/david-wilcove/
href="http://www.princeton.edu/step/people/faculty/david-wilcove/"><SPAN
style="COLOR: #000000"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext">David
Wilcove</SPAN></SPAN></A> and colleagues in the journal <EM><EM><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Bioscience</SPAN></SPAN></EM></EM>,
which he derides for being based on the "opinions" of field researchers.
Moreover, most species said to be imperiled by invaders were located in Hawaii
and on other islands, not the mainland U.S., where he is skeptical that alien
species can gain a foothold. "There have been thousands of nonnative species
introduced in the United States," he says, "and they have not caused one
native species to go extinct."</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 18.75pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto"><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN lang=EN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><BR> </SPAN></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">-----Original
Message-----<BR>From: apwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org
[mailto:apwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org] On Behalf Of Craig Dremann -
Redwood City Seed Company<BR>Sent: Tuesday, January 25, 2011 8:32 PM<BR>To:
apwg@lists.plantconservation.org<BR>Subject: [APWG] Exotics
species</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG> <STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">overhyped,according to Feb.2011
SCI AMER article</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></SPAN></SPAN></STRONG> </P>
<P class=MsoPlainText><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Dear
All,</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></SPAN></SPAN></STRONG> </P>
<P class=MsoPlainText><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">February 2011
Scientific American article, page 74-77 "A Friend to
Aliens,</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">by Brendan
Borrell, an interview with Mark Davis of Macalester College
in</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">St.
Paul</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">
MN</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">.</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></SPAN></SPAN></STRONG> </P>
<P class=MsoPlainText><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Sincerely,
Craig Dremann</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P></DIV><BR><BR><FONT color=#000000
size=2>____________________________________________________________</FONT><BR><A
style="TEXT-DECORATION: none"
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<P>
<HR>
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