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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>APWG:</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I'd like to see specific comments on specific
quotes from the article from all those concerned, please. Thanks to Stringer,
I've now read the transcript of the interview. </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>WT</FONT></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<DIV
style="BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: black"><B>From:</B>
<A title=bjacobs@eeaconsultants.com
href="mailto:bjacobs@eeaconsultants.com">Bill Jacobs</A> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A title=hslettel@calpoly.edu
href="mailto:hslettel@calpoly.edu">'Holly Sletteland'</A> ; <A
title=ialm@erols.com href="mailto:ialm@erols.com">'Marc Imlay'</A> ; <A
title=apwg@lists.plantconservation.org
href="mailto:apwg@lists.plantconservation.org">apwg@lists.plantconservation.org</A>
</DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Friday, January 28, 2011 2:48
PM</DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: [APWG] Exotics species
overhyped,according to Feb.2011 SCI AMER article</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=WordSection1>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'">It
says below that Mark Davis picks apart the claim that invasive species are the
second-leading cause of extinctions. I’ve always heard that the
second-leading cause refers to the <I>loss of biodiversity</I>.
Biodiversity is more than species diversity; it includes genetic diversity and
ecosystem diversity. I haven’t read Davis’s book, but I’m wondering if
Davis makes his case based on a false premise. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Calligraphy'">Bill
Jacobs<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #365f91; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'">Senior
Ecologist & Conservation Planner<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-TOP: 6pt"><B><SPAN
style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 'Book Antiqua','serif'">EEA</SPAN></B><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 'Book Antiqua','serif'">
</SPAN><I><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Book Antiqua','serif'">Inc.</SPAN></I><B><I><SPAN
style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Book Antiqua','serif'">1239
Route 25A, Suite 1</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Book Antiqua','serif'">Stony
Brook, NY 11790 </SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><I><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Book Antiqua','serif'">Phone: </SPAN></I><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Book Antiqua','serif'">(631)
751-4600 </SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings">Ÿ</SPAN><I><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Book Antiqua','serif'">
Fax:</SPAN></I><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Book Antiqua','serif'"> (631)
751-0597<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<DIV>
<DIV
style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: #b5c4df 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 3pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none">
<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'">From:</SPAN></B><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'">
apwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org
[mailto:apwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org] <B>On Behalf Of </B>Holly
Sletteland<BR><B>Sent:</B> Friday, January 28, 2011 11:34 AM<BR><B>To:</B>
'Marc Imlay'; apwg@lists.plantconservation.org<BR><B>Subject:</B> Re: [APWG]
Exotics species overhyped, according to Feb.2011 SCI AMER
article<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'">I
subscribe to Scientific American and was very dismayed to see that
article. It takes a highly anthropogenic view of invasive species,
contending that we should only worry about them if they cause harm to the
economy or health and learn to live with most everything else. He
acknowledges that some species have proven ecologically harmful, but downplays
it, focusing instead on the supposed exaggeration of environmental
impacts. Scientific American is very widely read. I would hope that
someone with more impressive credentials than myself would take him to task
for this article in a letter to the editor.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<DIV>
<DIV
style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: #b5c4df 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 3pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none">
<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'">From:</SPAN></B><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'">
apwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org
[mailto:apwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org] <B>On Behalf Of </B>Marc
Imlay<BR><B>Sent:</B> Thursday, January 27, 2011 5:02 PM<BR><B>To:</B>
apwg@lists.plantconservation.org<BR><B>Subject:</B> Re: [APWG] Exotics species
overhyped, according to Feb.2011 SCI AMER
article<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Regarding
“</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">the
exotic plant is considered a critical habitat for endangered bird species,
such as the <A
title=http://www.scientificamerican.com/blog/60-second-science/post.cfm?id=biologists-arent-keeping-track-of-e-2009-05-27
href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/blog/60-second-science/post.cfm?id=biologists-arent-keeping-track-of-e-2009-05-27"><SPAN
style="COLOR: windowtext">southwestern willow flycatcher</SPAN></A> that nests
in its branches.” so was the </SPAN></B><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">native cottonwood and willow trees
replaced by the salt cedar critical habitat for the bird (There was only one
listed endangered bird species, not several as implied). We have to
replace the salt cedar that we remove with the original natives. In this case
one of the benefits of the native ecosystem was retained by the exotic
ecosystem but other benefits were lost. The biological control can be released
where the endangered bird is not present but only mechanical and herbicidal
control should be used where the endangered bird is surviving, and only
gradually while the native trees grow up and support the endangered bird.
The same phenomena occurred in Hawaii when the birds that endangered
plants depended upon became extinct (because of us). It became necessary to
retain non-native birds that the endangered plants need. We chose a less
invasive species of bird to retain that worked for the plants.
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Regarding </SPAN></B><B><SPAN
lang=EN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">“There have been thousands
of nonnative species introduced in the United States," he says, "and they have
not caused one native species to go extinct.", Davis is incorrect. While it is
true that invasive plant species alone on the mainland have caused few
extinctions the same can be said for other causes. It is the cumulative impact
that generally causes extinction. Examination of endangered and extinct
species has shown that replacement by monocultures occurs over a significant
portion of the ranges of about 40% of endangered species. For
example, in a paper by Sam Fuller and myself, we did a field survey of the
endangered mussel, Elliptio waccamawensis, in North Carolina We found that the
invasive Asiatic clam, Corbicula </SPAN></B><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; LETTER-SPACING: -0.15pt">manilensis</SPAN></B><B><SPAN
lang=EN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">, replaced the native
mussels which we found dead on the banks but only where the creeks were
disturbed by the Army Corps of Engineers. Where the Asiatic clam had not yet
reached the disturbed habitat the mussels survived. The Asiatic Clam was
present, but in a much lower density, in pristine unpolluted habitat and the
mussels also survived. </SPAN></B><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Fuller, S. L. H. and M. J. Imlay.
1976. Spatial competition between Corbicula <BR>manilensis (Philippi), the
Chinese clam (Corbiculidae), and the freshwater <SPAN
style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.15pt">mussels (Unionidae) in the Waccamaw River
basin of the Carolinas (Mollusca: Bivalvia). Association of Southeastern
Biologists, Bulletin 23(2):60. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; LETTER-SPACING: -0.15pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; LETTER-SPACING: -0.15pt">[Abstract]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; LETTER-SPACING: -0.15pt">
Dead mussel shells and abundant living Corbicula manilensis (Philippi, 1841)
were found below the confluence of the Waccamaw River with the intracoastal
Waterway (Horry County, South Carolina), where the river is profoundly
disturbed by human activities. Above this confluence, where the river is, in
general, little disturbed, mussels were found increasingly dominant over C.
manilensis, as samples were taken further upstream, until the latter
disappeared. C. manilensis reappeared in Lake Waccamaw (Columbus County, North
Carolina), but mussels persisted in apparently diminished numbers. The lake is
almost encircled by extant and potential land development, but its floor
remains negligibly damaged. It appears that C. manilensis does not (and
perhaps cannot) dominate indigenous bivalves in nearly or quite natural
habitats, at least in slowly moving, soft bottom Coastal Plain streams of the
Atlantic drainage. Corollarily, not to disturb aquatic habitats may be man's
best defense against domination of the benthos by C. manilensis.
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P><B><SPAN lang=EN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Cheers.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Marc Imlay,
PhD,</SPAN></B><SPAN style="COLOR: black"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Conservation biologist,
Park Ranger Office</SPAN></B><SPAN style="COLOR: black"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">(301) 442-5657
cell</SPAN></B><SPAN style="COLOR: black"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><A
title=mailto:Marc.Imlay@pgparks.com href="mailto:Marc.Imlay@pgparks.com"><SPAN
style="COLOR: navy">Marc.Imlay@pgparks.com</SPAN></A> <A
title=mailto:ialm@erols.com
href="mailto:ialm@erols.com">ialm@erols.com</A></SPAN></B><SPAN
style="COLOR: black"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Natural and Historical
Resources Division</SPAN></B><SPAN style="COLOR: black"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">The Maryland-National Capital Park and
Planning Commission</SPAN></B><SPAN
style="COLOR: black"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><A
title=http://www.pgparks.com
href="http://www.pgparks.com">www.pgparks.com</A></SPAN></B><o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 30pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> </SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Alien Invasion? An Ecologist Doubts
the Impact of <o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 30pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><B><SPAN
lang=EN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Exotic
Species<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P id=articleDek
style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 5.25pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0in; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0in; mso-margin-top-alt: 0in"><B><SPAN
lang=EN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Many conservationists have
dedicated their lives to eradicating invasive plant and animal species, but
Mark Davis wants them to reassess their missions<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=articleinfo1><SPAN class=byline1><B><SPAN lang=EN>By <A
title=http://www.scientificamerican.com/author.cfm?id=1575
href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/author.cfm?id=1575"><SPAN
style="COLOR: windowtext">Brendan Borrell</SPAN></A>
</SPAN></B></SPAN><B><SPAN lang=EN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> | <SPAN
class=datestamp3>August 14, 2009 |</SPAN> <A
title="http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=alien-invasion-ecologist-doubts-exotic&page=2#comments#comments
comments on this article"
href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=alien-invasion-ecologist-doubts-exotic&page=2#comments#comments"><SPAN
style="COLOR: windowtext">43</SPAN></A> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 18.75pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto"><B><SPAN
lang=EN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><BR>As Chew and his
co-authors point out in the March issue of <A
title=http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122240688/abstract
href="http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122240688/abstract"><EM><SPAN
style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; TEXT-DECORATION: none">Restoration
Ecology</SPAN></EM></A>, salt cedar was just a scapegoat in the <A
title=http://www.scientificamerican.com/topic.cfm?id=water
href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/topic.cfm?id=water"><SPAN
style="COLOR: windowtext">water</SPAN></A> wars that have gripped the
Southwest. Today, many early claims have been refuted and the exotic plant is
considered a critical habitat for endangered bird species, such as the <A
title=http://www.scientificamerican.com/blog/60-second-science/post.cfm?id=biologists-arent-keeping-track-of-e-2009-05-27
href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/blog/60-second-science/post.cfm?id=biologists-arent-keeping-track-of-e-2009-05-27"><SPAN
style="COLOR: windowtext">southwestern willow flycatcher</SPAN></A> that nests
in its branches.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 18.75pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto"><B><SPAN
lang=EN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">In his book Davis picks
apart the claim that invasive species are the second-leading cause of
extinctions. He traces that meme back to a 1998 paper by Princeton ecologist
<A title=http://www.princeton.edu/step/people/faculty/david-wilcove/
href="http://www.princeton.edu/step/people/faculty/david-wilcove/"><SPAN
style="COLOR: windowtext">David Wilcove</SPAN></A> and colleagues in the
journal <EM><SPAN
style="FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Bioscience</SPAN></EM>,
which he derides for being based on the "opinions" of field researchers.
Moreover, most species said to be imperiled by invaders were located in Hawaii
and on other islands, not the mainland U.S., where he is skeptical that alien
species can gain a foothold. "There have been thousands of nonnative species
introduced in the United States," he says, "and they have not caused one
native species to go extinct."<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 18.75pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto"><B><SPAN
lang=EN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><BR> </SPAN></B><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">-----Original Message-----<BR>From:
apwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org
[mailto:apwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org] On Behalf Of Craig Dremann -
Redwood City Seed Company<BR>Sent: Tuesday, January 25, 2011 8:32 PM<BR>To:
apwg@lists.plantconservation.org<BR>Subject: [APWG] Exotics species</SPAN></B>
<B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">overhyped,according to
Feb.2011 SCI AMER article</SPAN></B><o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText><B><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText><B><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Dear
All,<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText><B><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText><B><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">February 2011
Scientific American article, page 74-77 "A Friend to
Aliens,<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText><B><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">by Brendan Borrell,
an interview with Mark Davis of Macalester College
in<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText><B><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">St. Paul
MN.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText><B><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText><B><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Sincerely,
Craig Dremann<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P></DIV>
<P>
<HR>
<P></P><BR>_______________________________________________<BR>PCA's Alien
Plant Working Group mailing
list<BR>APWG@lists.plantconservation.org<BR>http://lists.plantconservation.org/mailman/listinfo/apwg_lists.plantconservation.org<BR><BR>Disclaimer<BR>Any
requests, advice or opinions posted to this list reflect ONLY the opinion of
the individual posting the message.
<P>
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