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<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'>FYI,<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'>Marc Imlay<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'>Conservation biologist, Board member
of the Mid-Atlantic Exotic Pest Plant Council, Vice president of the Maryland
Native Plant Society, Chair of the Biodiversity and Habitat Stewardship
Committee for the Maryland Chapter of the Sierra Club.</span></font></b><font
size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:navy'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=3 color=navy face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;font-weight:bold'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></b></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><b><font face=Arial><span
style='font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'> ma-eppc@yahoogroups.com
[mailto:ma-eppc@yahoogroups.com] </span></font></b><b><font face=Arial><span
style='font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'>On Behalf Of </span></font></b><b><font
face=Arial><span style='font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'>Kyde, Kerrie L.<br>
</span></font></b><b><font face=Arial><span style='font-family:Arial;
font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></font></b><b><font face=Arial><span
style='font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'> Wednesday, June 30, 2010 6:01 PM<br>
</span></font></b><b><font face=Arial><span style='font-family:Arial;
font-weight:bold'>To:</span></font></b><b><font face=Arial><span
style='font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'> 'Wavyleaf Basketgrass Task Force';
wlbg@pecva.org; MISC (INVASIVES@LISTSERV.UMD.EDU); ma-eppc@yahoogroups.com;
Bohn, Richard; Early, Steve; Geredien, Ross; Kilian, Jay; Klauda, Ron;
McKnight, Jonathan; Naylor, Mike; Norden, Butch; Speir, Harley; Widman, Sarah E<br>
</span></font></b><b><font face=Arial><span style='font-family:Arial;
font-weight:bold'>Cc:</span></font></b><b><font face=Arial><span
style='font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'> Les Mehrhoff; Melton, Robin; 'Joe
Metzger'<br>
</span></font></b><b><font face=Arial><span style='font-family:Arial;
font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></font></b><b><font face=Arial><span
style='font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'> [ma-eppc] WLBG Genetic break-through
[1 Attachment]</span></font></b><b><font face=Arial><span style='font-family:
Arial;font-weight:bold'><o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><b><font size=2
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:bold'>[<a
href="#TopText"><span style='text-decoration:none'>Attachment(s)</span></a>
from Kyde, Kerrie L. included below]</span></font></b> <br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'><!-- |**|end egp html banner|**| -->Hi all,<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'>I wanted to give you the newest piece of
information we have on WLBG. I apologize for any cross-postings; many of
you are members of more than one list.<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'>I spoke this week with Sharon Talley,
researcher at APHIS, Fort Collins, CO, who has been doing a lot of work with
various Oplismenus hirtellus taxa. Sharon’s findings, which are
written up in the attached excerpt from the 2009 Report from APHIS’
Center for Plant Health Science and Technology, indicate clearly that the WLBG
invader in the Mid-Atlantic IS NOT a reversion of a variegated ornamental.
Sharon analyzed DNA sequences from nuclei and chloroplasts and found that
our native Oplismenus hirtellus ssp. setarius (found in VA but not MD), the
variegated ornamental in both its original AND reverted to all-green form, and
the invader, are different from one another genetically as well as
morphologically. <br>
<br>
This means that it is most likely that the invasive grass spreading in MA and
VA is the same as the SE Asian grass called Oplismenus undulatifolus –
that is, these are two names for the same botanical entity. <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place
w:st="on">Sharon</st1:place></st1:City> can take it even further: our grass is
genetically the same as O undulatifolius ssp. japonicus. The experts seem
prepared to accept O. hirtellus ssp. undulatifolius as the current name for our
invasive grass, following the work of Ursula Scholz in her monograph on the
genus. What all this means is that we are back to square one with the
question: how and when was the invasive grass introduced to the <st1:country-region
w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">U.S.</st1:place></st1:country-region>? It
also means that we don’t have to worry about throwing the variegated
ornamental on the compost pile at the end of the season. <br>
<br>
<st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Sharon</st1:place></st1:City>’s
work also takes us one step closer to letting APHIS list our invasive grass as
a federal noxious weed. More on that will be forthcoming.<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=MsoAutoSig><b><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'>Kerrie L. Kyde</span></font></b><b><font
face=Arial><span style='font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'><o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=MsoAutoSig><b><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'>Habitat Ecologist/ Invasive Plant
Specialist</span></font></b><b><font face=Arial><span style='font-family:Arial;
font-weight:bold'><o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=MsoAutoSig><b><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'>Wildlife and Heritage Service</span></font></b><b><font
face=Arial><span style='font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'><o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=MsoAutoSig><b><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'>Maryland Department of Natural Resources</span></font></b><b><font
face=Arial><span style='font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'><o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=MsoAutoSig><st1:Street w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on"><b><font
size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;font-weight:
bold'>11960 Clopper Road</span></font></b></st1:address></st1:Street><b><font
face=Arial><span style='font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'><o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=MsoAutoSig><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on"><b><font size=3
face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'>Gaithersburg</span></font></b></st1:City><b><font
face=Arial><span style='font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'>, <st1:State
w:st="on">MD</st1:State> <st1:PostalCode w:st="on">20878</st1:PostalCode></span></font></b></st1:place><b><font
face=Arial><span style='font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'><o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=MsoAutoSig><b><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'>301/948-8243</span></font></b><b><font
face=Arial><span style='font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'><o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><a name=TopText></a><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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<p><b><font size=2 color="#628c2a" face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:10.5pt;color:#628C2A;font-weight:bold'>Attachment(s) from
Kyde, Kerrie L. </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p><b><font size=3 color="#628c2a" face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#628C2A;font-weight:bold'>1 of 1 File(s) </span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><img border=0 width=16 height=16 id="_x0000_i1025"
src="http://l.yimg.com/kq/static/images/yg/img/doc/pdf16x16.gif"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><a
href="http://xa.yimg.com/kq/groups/189401/906424619/name/Talley%20Experiment%20Methods%20for%20Invasive%20Plants%202010%2Epdf">Talley
Experiment Methods for Invasive Plants 2010.pdf</a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=3 color=white
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