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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=navy face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;color:navy'>Let’s help Fred.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
14.0pt'>From:</span></font><font size=4><span style='font-size:14.0pt'>
ma-eppc@yahoogroups.com [mailto:ma-eppc@yahoogroups.com] On Behalf Of MALawler@aol.com<br>
Sent: Saturday, April 28, 2007 4:53 PM<br>
To: ma-eppc@yahoogroups.com<br>
Cc: fredatwood@yahoo.com<br>
Subject: [ma-eppc] questions on invasives control and natural area management.</span></font><font
size=4><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p><font size=4 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
color:black'>Here's a question from the Virginia Native Plant Society
listserve, which I hope some of you can answer. Mary Ann<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=4 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
color:black'>Dear Plant enthusiasts,<br>
Here in Oakton in <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Fairfax</st1:PlaceName>
<st1:PlaceType w:st="on">County</st1:PlaceType></st1:place> my students and<br>
I have spent many many man-hours at our campus<br>
and the adjoining Oak Marr/Tattersall<br>
Park(FCPA)removing invasive aliens and trying to<br>
plant native species that are good for wildlife.<br>
It has been a very difficult battle and as we<br>
prune back and tear up russian olive, asiatic<br>
bittersweet, wineberry, wisteria, japanese<br>
honeysuckle, bush honeysuckle, and japanese<br>
barberry year-after-year, several questions keep<br>
coming to our minds. <br>
<br>
1. In places, such as this one, where the deer<br>
are grazing the greenbrier and other shrubby-type<br>
growth so it is unusable by things like towhees,<br>
thrashers, ovenbirds, <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">kentucky</st1:place></st1:State>
warblers, and wood<br>
thrushes, is it better to allow some of the<br>
invasive shrubs to continue to exist in small<br>
patches for bird-use? I know that many of these<br>
shrubs and vines are spread far and wide in bird<br>
droppings, so they would continue to be a<br>
nuisance-source of invasion, but it seems that<br>
all the other sources that we cannot control<br>
outside our management area will continue to<br>
invade anyways, so why not leave a few patches<br>
for the undergrowth-<wbr>birds to nest in. By removing<br>
the only shrubs that can grow where deer<br>
populations are high, are we also removing the<br>
only places come bird species can nest and forage<br>
for food? Does anyone know of any studies done<br>
on this? <br>
<br>
2. Most of the "deer-proof" plants that we have<br>
planted have been decimated by the deer. We have<br>
been cutting Wisteria off the forest trees<br>
because of its death-grip which has killed<br>
several, but the ground for at least an acre is<br>
interlaced with the roots so it has been a losing<br>
battle to try to control it in the undergrowth. <br>
Is it possible to use a cover of invasives such<br>
as shoulder-high wisteria understory, that the<br>
deer don't eat, planting some of the other native<br>
shrubs etc underneath and among them, using them<br>
as a sheild? Similarly could some other native<br>
herbacious plants be planted among the<br>
ground-cover of japanese honeysuckle as a<br>
protection against deer-grazing? HAve any studies<br>
been done on this?<br>
<br>
3. IN our area the deer are eating the multiflora<br>
rose, seeming to keep it under control. I have<br>
seen some amazing thickets of this plant along<br>
Difficult Run downstream from here that have been<br>
totally eaten by the deer. For this reason we<br>
have not bothered removing the rose, hoping that<br>
the deer will fill up on it instead of eating<br>
some of the other native plants. What do you all<br>
think of this?<br>
<br>
4. We are also finding to our surprise that the<br>
primary battles against invasives are closer to<br>
the road in the pinewoods. The oak-hickory-<wbr>woods,<br>
perhaps because of its thick leaf litter(?) or<br>
its distance from the road(?) or its shadier<br>
summer interior (?) has far fewer invasives and<br>
requires much less maintenance, especially in<br>
areas away from trails and streams where the<br>
japanese honeysuckle, japanese barberry, and<br>
occasionally russian olive are most likely to<br>
occur. As a result we still have some nice<br>
patches of wind-flower, trout lily, toothwort, <br>
violets, jack-in-the-<wbr>pulpit, paw-paw and even a<br>
little may-apple (unless the deer find it). Have<br>
you all noticed similar things or are we just<br>
lucky? <br>
<br>
5. It is also fascinating to see that of the tree<br>
saplings that are sprouting naturally in the pine<br>
forest, the ones that seem to avoid the deer<br>
grazing are the ashes. <br>
<br>
Thanks for your input<br>
Fred Atwood<br>
<br>
Frederick D. Atwood <a href="mailto:fredatwood%40yahoo.com"
title="mailto:fredatwood@yahoo.com">fredatwood@yahoo.<wbr>com</a><br>
<st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Flint</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType
w:st="on">Hill</st1:PlaceType> <st1:PlaceType w:st="on">School</st1:PlaceType></st1:place>,
<st1:address w:st="on"><st1:Street w:st="on">10409 Academic Dr</st1:Street>, <st1:City
w:st="on">Oakton</st1:City>, <st1:State w:st="on">VA</st1:State> <st1:PostalCode
w:st="on">22124</st1:PostalCode></st1:address><br>
703-242-1675 <br>
<a href="http://www.agpix.com/fredatwood"
title="http://www.agpix.com/fredatwood">http://www.agpix.<wbr>com/fredatwood</a><br>
<a href="http://www.flinthill.org/" title="http://www.flinthill.org/">http://www.flinthil<wbr>l.org</a><br>
<a href="http://tea.armadaproject.org/tea_atwoodfrontpage.html"
title="http://tea.armadaproject.org/tea_atwoodfrontpage.html">http://tea.armadapr<wbr>oject.org/<wbr>tea_atwoodfrontp<wbr>age.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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