<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Actually, the url I provided is the
full article...http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/311/5766/1459
- I thought it was accessible to all. </font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Patricia S. De Angelis, Ph.D.<br>
Botanist - Division of Scientific Authority<br>
Chair - Plant Conservation Alliance - Medicinal Plant Working Group<br>
US Fish & Wildlife Service<br>
4401 N. Fairfax Dr., Suite 750<br>
Arlington, VA 22203<br>
703-358-1708 x1753<br>
FAX: 703-358-2276<br>
Working for the conservation and sustainable use of our green natural resources.<br>
<www.nps.gov/plants/medicinal><br>
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<td width=40%><font size=1 face="sans-serif"><b>Craig Dremann <craig@ecoseeds.com></b>
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<p><font size=1 face="sans-serif">03/15/2006 10:24 AM</font>
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<div align=right><font size=1 face="sans-serif">To</font></div>
<td><font size=1 face="sans-serif">Patricia_DeAngelis@fws.gov</font>
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<div align=right><font size=1 face="sans-serif">cc</font></div>
<td><font size=1 face="sans-serif">apwg@lists.plantconservation.org</font>
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<div align=right><font size=1 face="sans-serif">Subject</font></div>
<td><font size=1 face="sans-serif">Abstract of Opposing Effects of Native
and Exotic Herbivores on Plant Invasions
- Science article</font></table>
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<br><font size=2><tt>Dear All,<br>
<br>
Interesting article, but unless you subscribe to SCIENCE, or pay for the<br>
article, on-line you can only read the free abstract, which follows:<br>
<br>
Science 10 March 2006: Vol. 311. no. 5766, pp. 1459 - 1461<br>
<br>
Reports<br>
<br>
Opposing Effects of<br>
Native and Exotic<br>
Herbivores on Plant<br>
Invasions <br>
<br>
John D. Parker,*<br>
Deron E. Burkepile, Mark
E. Hay <br>
<br>
Exotic species are widely
assumed to<br>
thrive because they lack
natural enemies in<br>
their new ranges. However,
a<br>
meta-analysis of 63 manipulative
field<br>
studies including more
than 100 exotic<br>
plant species revealed
that native<br>
herbivores suppressed
exotic plants,<br>
whereas exotic herbivores
facilitated both<br>
the abundance and species
richness of<br>
exotic plants. Both outcomes
suggest that<br>
plants are especially
susceptible to novel,<br>
generalist herbivores
that they have not<br>
been selected to resist.
Thus, native<br>
herbivores provide biotic
resistance to<br>
plant invasions, but the
widespread<br>
replacement of native
with exotic<br>
herbivores eliminates
this ecosystem<br>
service, facilitates plant
invasions, and<br>
triggers an invasional
"meltdown." <br>
<br>
School of Biology, Georgia
Institute of<br>
Technology, Atlanta, GA
30332, USA. <br>
<br>
* Present address: Department
of Ecology<br>
and Evolutionary Biology,
Cornell<br>
University, Ithaca, NY
14853, USA.<br>
E-mail: jdp52{at}cornell.edu
<br>
<br>
To whom correspondence
should be<br>
addressed. E-mail:<br>
mark.hay{at}biology.gatech.edu
<br>
<br>
-----------------------------------<br>
<br>
Exotic herbivores like sheep and cows?<br>
<br>
Sincerely, Craig Dremann (650) 325-7333<br>
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