[APWG] rate of change
ialm at erols.com
ialm at erols.com
Fri Mar 2 16:13:48 CST 2012
We find the Japanese Stiltgrass spreads far worse down stream as Michael
points
out. It is almost as bad along trails and disturbed habitats by the trails.
However, there are many bad isolated patches hundreds of meters from these
sources about two decades after the first introduction to Chapman State
Park in
Charles County, Maryland.
Marc Imlay
Original Message:
-----------------
From: Michael Schenk schenkmj at earthlink.net
Date: Fri, 2 Mar 2012 12:08:05 -0500 (GMT-05:00)
To: ialm at erols.com, apwg at lists.plantconservation.org
Subject: RE: [APWG] rate of change
<head><style>body{font-family: Geneva,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-
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id="compText"><blockquote style="padding-left: 5px; margin-left: 0px;
border-
left: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 255);">Speaking of rate of change, this link may
be
slightly OT but is very relevant to the concept of how the current rate of
change is extreme:<br><h1 style="font-weight: normal;" id="headline"
class="story"><font size="3">Ocean Acidification Rate May Be Unprecedented,
Study Says</font>
</h1>http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/03/120301143735.htm?
utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28
Scie
nceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29<br><br>I've seen stiltgrass spread from
isolated pockets following the direction of surface water flow. When I
attack a
patch in a relatively uninvaded area, I always look downhill for more.<br>
<br>Hmm, looks like my unsubscribe didn't
take.<br><br>Mike<br><br>-----Original
Message-----
<br>From: Marc Imlay <ialm at erols.com>
<br>Sent: Mar 1, 2012 10:42 PM
<br>To: 'Wayne Tyson' <landrest at cox.net>, 'Ty Harrison'
<tyju at xmission.com>,
'Michael Schenk' <schenkmj at earthlink.net>
<br>Cc: apwg at lists.plantconservation.org
<br>Subject: RE: [APWG] Invasion and cropping Re: rate of change
<br><br>
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<div dir="ltr" align="left"><span class="453343203-02032012"><font size="3">
<strong>We
are finding that typically about half of the invasives are about 20% as bad
in natural, undisturbed habitats. Given time we find that they do take over
natural areas but at a slower rate. A good example is Japanese Stiltgrass
which takes advantage of natural erosion disturbance when a tree comes down
naturally but is much worse with artifical erosion
disturbances. </strong></font></span></div>
<div dir="ltr" align="left"><span class="453343203-02032012"></span> </div>
<div dir="ltr" align="left"><span class="453343203-02032012"><font size="3">
<strong> <font color="#000000"><span style="font-family: Arial; color:
navy;
font-weight: bold;">Marc Imlay,
PhD,</span><span style="color:
black;"><o:p></o:p></span></font></strong></font>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font color="#008000"><b><span style="font-family:
Arial;
color: navy; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">Conservation
biologist, Park Ranger Office</span></b><span style="color:
black;"><o:p></o:p>
</span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font color="#008000"><b><span style="font-family:
Arial;
color: navy; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">(301)
442-5657 cell</span></b><span style="color:
black;"><o:p></o:p></span></font>
</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: Arial; color: navy;
font-size:
12pt; font-weight: bold;"><a title="blocked::mailto:Marc.Imlay at pgparks.com
mailto:Marc.Imlay at pgparks.com" href="mailto:Marc.Imlay at pgparks.com"></a><a
title="blocked::mailto:Marc.Imlay at pgparks.com
mailto:Marc.Imlay at pgparks.com"
href="mailto:Marc.Imlay at pgparks.com"></a><font
color="#008000"> </font><a title="blocked::mailto:ialm at erols.com
mailto:ialm at erols.com" href="mailto:ialm at erols.com"><font
title="blocked::mailto:ialm at erols.com"
color="#008000">ialm at erols.com</font></a>
</span></b><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font color="#008000"><b><span style="font-family:
Arial;
color: navy; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">Natural
and Historical Resources Division</span></b><span style="color:
black;"><o:p>
</o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font color="#008000"><b><span style="font-family:
Arial;
color: navy; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">The <st1:place w:st="on">
<st1:placename w:st="on">Maryland-National</st1:placename> <st1:placename
w:st="on">Capital</st1:placename> <st1:placetype
w:st="on">Park</st1:placetype>
</st1:place> and Planning
Commission</span></b><span style="color:
black;"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: Arial; color: navy;
font-size:
12pt; font-weight: bold;"><a title="blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
http://www.pgparks.com" href="http://www.pgparks.com/"><font
title="blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/"
color="#008000">www.pgparks.com</font>
</a></span></b><o:p></o:p></p></span></div><br>
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<hr tabindex="-1">
<font face="Tahoma" size="2"><b><br></b></font></div><blockquote
style="border-
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left: 5px; margin-right: 0px;" dir="ltr"><blockquote style="border-left:
2px
solid rgb(0, 0, 0); padding-left: 5px; padding-right: 0px; margin-left:
5px;
margin-right: 0px;" dir="ltr"><div><font size="4"></font> </div>
<div><font size="4"></font> </div>
<blockquote style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); padding-left:
5px;
padding-right: 0px; margin-left: 5px; margin-right: 0px;" dir="ltr">
<div style="font: 10pt arial;"><font size="4">----- Original Message
-----
</font></div>
<div style="font: 10pt arial; background: none repeat scroll 0% 0%
rgb(228, 228, 228);"><font size="4"><b>From:</b> </font><a
title="schenkmj at earthlink.net" href="mailto:schenkmj at earthlink.net"><font
size="4">Michael
Schenk</font></a><font size="4"> </font></div>
<div style="font: 10pt arial;"><font size="4"><b>To:</b> </font><a
title="ialm at erols.com" href="mailto:ialm at erols.com"><font size="4">Marc
Imlay</font></a><font size="4"> </font></div>
<div style="font: 10pt arial;"><font size="4"><b>Cc:</b> </font><a
title="apwg at lists.plantconservation.org"
href="mailto:apwg at lists.plantconservation.org"><font
size="4">apwg at lists.plantconservation.org</font></a><font size="4">
</font></div>
<div style="font: 10pt arial;"><font size="4"><b>Sent:</b> Tuesday,
February
28, 2012 4:21 PM</font></div>
<div style="font: 10pt arial;"><font size="4"><b>Subject:</b> [APWG]
rate
of
change</font></div>
<div><font size="4"><br></font></div>
<blockquote style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 255);
padding-left:
5px; margin-left: 0px;"><font size="4">Bingo! It's the rate of change that
counts. When a new species
arrives every thousand years, a time scale roughly consistent with
"natural" climate change disturbances, the ecosystem has a chance
to
respond and integrate the new species.<br><br>If you keep on
rocking the
boat and never give it a chance to steady out, somebody's gonna get
wet.
Sometimes I feel like we're arguing over angel dancing space. The
fact
is, the boat is swamping, and we need to slow down the rate of
change.<br><br>I'm a small landholder, trying to plant sustainable
harvests of ginseng, etc., in the face of encroachment from garlic
mustard, stiltgrass, tearthumb. I don't have the time or resources
for
massive intervention. I need affordable, time-efficient methods of
non-toxic removal. I've already spent hundreds of hours and many
dollars on weedwhackers and native seed. For me, the combination of
mechanical removal and planting native grasses is at least holding
the
stiltgrass steady. I'd like to learn about other successful
practices
that fit with a modest budget and a working
schedule.<br><br>Cheers,<br>Mike <br><br>-----Original Message-----
<br>From: Marc Imlay <ialm at erols.com><br>Sent: Feb 28, 2012 7:35 AM
<br>To: "'Hempy-Mayer,Kara L (CONTR) - KEC-4'"
<klhempymayer at bpa.gov>,
apwg at lists.plantconservation.org <br>Cc:
rwg at lists.plantconservation.org
<br>Subject: Re: [APWG] [RWG] Ecosystem Restoration Collapse
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</klhempymayer at bpa.gov></ialm at erols.com></font><div dir="ltr"
align="left"><font
size="4"><strong><font face="Arial"><span class="234492712-28022012"><font
color="#000000" size="3"><span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';
color: rgb(31, 73, 125); font-size: 11pt;">Just
to clarify, ecosystems are dynamic and constantly changing, but not
at the present rate of change. When endangered species were
protected
with national and international laws and programs several decades
ago,
we agreed that species naturally become extinct over time. It is
just the rate of extintion that had increased a thousand fold and
needed
to be reversed so new species had an ecosystem to evolve in.
</span></font></span></font></strong></font></div>
<font size="4"> <div dir="ltr" align="left"><strong><font
face="Arial">
<span class="234492712-28022012"><font color="#000000" size="3"><span
style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);
font-size:
11pt;"></span></font></span></font></strong> </div>
<div dir="ltr" align="left"><strong><font face="Arial"><span
class="234492712-28022012"><font color="#000000" size="3"><span style="font-
family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); font-size: 11pt;">
<div><font size="2"><font face="Arial" size="3"><strong>
<div dir="ltr" align="left"><font color="#0000ff"
face="Arial"><span
class="578543911-24022012">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:
'Arial','sans-serif';
color: navy;">Marc Imlay,
PhD,</span></b><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';
color:
blue;">
<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:
'Arial','sans-serif';
color: navy;">Conservation
biologist, Park Ranger Office</span></b><span style="color:
blue;"><u>
</u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:
'Arial','sans-serif';
color: navy;">(301) 442-5657
cell</span></b><span style="color: blue;"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:
'Arial','sans-serif';
color: green;"> <a title="blocked::mailto:ialm at erols.com"
href="mailto:ialm at erols.com"
target="_blank">ialm at erols.com</a></span></b><span
style="color: blue;"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:
'Arial','sans-serif';
color: navy;">Natural and
Historical Resources Division</span></b><span style="color:
blue;"><u>
</u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:
'Arial','sans-serif';
color: navy;">The Maryland-National Capital Park and
Planning Commission</span></b><span style="color:
blue;"><u></u><u></u>
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:
'Arial','sans-serif';
color: green;"><a title="blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/"
href="http://www.pgparks.com/"
target="_blank">www.pgparks.com</a></span></b>
<span style="color: blue;"><u></u><u></u></span></p></span></font></div><br>
</strong></font></font></div></span></font></span></font></strong></div>
<div dir="ltr" align="left"><strong><font face="Arial"><span
class="234492712-28022012"><font color="#000000" size="3"><span style="font-
family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); font-size: 11pt;">
</span></font></span></font></strong> </div>
<div dir="ltr" class="OutlookMessageHeader" align="left"
lang="en-us">
<hr tabindex="-1">
<font face="Tahoma" size="2"><b>From:</b>
apwg-bounces at lists.plantconservation.org
[mailto:apwg-bounces at lists.plantconservation.org] <b>On Behalf Of
</b>Hempy-Mayer,Kara L (CONTR) - KEC-4<br><b>Sent:</b> Monday,
February
27, 2012 2:14 PM<br><b>To:</b>
'apwg at lists.plantconservation.org'<br><b>Cc:</b>
'rwg at lists.plantconservation.org'<br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [APWG]
[RWG]
Ecosystem Restoration Collapse<br></font><br></div>
<div></div>
<div class="WordSection1">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:
'Calibri','sans-serif';
color: rgb(31, 73, 125); font-size: 11pt;">Agreed.
I’ve heard many people argue against the ideas of “ecosystem
preservation†and “restoration,†but it’s usually a matter
of
semantics. What restoration and preservation are trying to
accomplish is to maintain diversity on a global scale: there are
ecosystems here that worked well before we starting impacting them
so
profoundly: we attempt to “restore†them by taking out what we
put in
(exotic weeds), or trying to repair what we damaged (soil
structure,
hydrology, etc.). Then, hopefully, the previous ecosystem
processes can reestablish.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:
'Calibri','sans-serif';
color: rgb(31, 73, 125); font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:
'Calibri','sans-serif';
color: rgb(31, 73, 125); font-size: 11pt;">As
to the argument about increased carbon dioxide levels: I’ve
always
wondered about this. The argument that increased CO2 in the
atmosphere has a profound effect on plant growth assumes that
nothing
else is limiting plant growth. From my limited background in plant
physiology, there are usually many things limiting plant growth:
macronutrients, micronutrients, water, and light. In balance, can
CO2 have that big of an effect, even if it is limiting? Are there
field
studies that have found evidence for this?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:
'Calibri','sans-serif';
color: rgb(31, 73, 125); font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:
'Calibri','sans-serif';
color: rgb(31, 73, 125); font-size: 11pt;">Thank
you for the opportunity to comment -Kara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:
'Calibri','sans-serif';
color: rgb(31, 73, 125); font-size: 11pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div>
<div style="border-width: 1pt medium medium; border-style: solid
none
none; border-color: rgb(181, 196, 223) -moz-use-text-color
-moz-use-text-color;
padding: 3pt 0in 0in;">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:
'Tahoma','sans-serif';
font-size: 10pt;">From:</span></b><span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-
serif'; font-size: 10pt;">
apwg-bounces at lists.plantconservation.org
[mailto:apwg-bounces at lists.plantconservation.org] <b>On Behalf Of
</b>William Stringer<br><b>Sent:</b> Monday, February 27, 2012 8:41
AM<br><b>To:</b> Robert Layton Beyfuss; Katie Fite; Wayne
Tyson<br><b>Cc:</b> apwg at lists.plantconservation.org;
rwg at lists.plantconservation.org<br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [APWG] [RWG]
Ecosystem Restoration Collapse<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:
'Tahoma','sans-serif';
color: black;">As to
ecosystem restoration , we are not proposing to make a man-made
Hope
Diamond here. We are proposing to work from our admittedly limited
knowledge base of what should be there, and what should not. We
take out, to the degree that we can, the should-nots, particularly
the
known exotic invasive should-nots. We then try to place into the
site local-source propagules of known natives in a patchwork of
mixtures
of relatively compatible species. At that point we have probably
done most of what we can contribute. We can manage the site to the
degree that we can simulate natural disturbance phenomena. But
mostly at this point we stay out of the way and let natural
phenomena
drive the restoration. The only exception would be if outbreaks of
exotic invasive species begin to threaten. Then, we monitor and
learn</span><span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; color:
black; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p></div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:
'Tahoma','sans-serif';
color: black; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p></div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:
'Tahoma','sans-serif';
color: black;">What we cannot
do is let micro-analysis of the term restoration immobilize us into
total inaction.</span><span style="font-family:
'Tahoma','sans-serif';
color: black; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p></div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:
'Tahoma','sans-serif';
color: black; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p></div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:
'Tahoma','sans-serif';
color: black;">Bill
Stringer</span><span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif';
color:
black; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p></div>
<div>
<div style="text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal"
align="center"><span
style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; color: black;">
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%">
</span></div></div>
<div>
<p style="margin-bottom: 12pt;" class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-
family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; color: black; font-size:
10pt;">From:</span></b>
<span style="font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; color: black; font-size:
10pt;">
apwg-bounces at lists.plantconservation.org
[apwg-bounces at lists.plantconservation.org] On Behalf Of Robert
Layton
Beyfuss [rlb14 at cornell.edu]<br><b>Sent:</b> Monday, February 27,
2012
10:26 AM<br><b>To:</b> Katie Fite; Wayne Tyson<br><b>Cc:</b>
apwg at lists.plantconservation.org;
rwg at lists.plantconservation.org<br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [APWG] [RWG]
Ecosystem Restoration Collapse<o:p></o:p></span></p></div>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:
'Calibri','sans-serif';
color: rgb(31, 73, 125); font-size: 11pt;">I
do not understand how ecosystems can be restored since I consider
them
as dynamic and constantly changing. It is not possible to
completely
re-create the environmental conditions that led to a given
ecosystem at
any given time in the past. If ecosystems represent the
interactions of
living and environmental factors, to restore an ecosystem requires
replicating the previous environmental factors that affect the
living
organisms. The level of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere has
doubled in
the past 80 years. Plant growth, reproduction and survival is
profoundly
affected by carbon dioxide levels. I consider attempts to restore
ecosystems as no more than human’s creating new ecosystems
using species of plants that previously occurred because humans
liked
the previous once more than the current one.
</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:
black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<br></div></div></div></div></font></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote>
</blockquote></zzzbody></zzzmeta></zzzhead>
</zzzhtml></schenkmj at earthlink.net></tyju at xmission.com></landrest at cox.net>
</ialm at erols.com></blockquote></body><pre>
</pre>
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