[APWG] historic and environmental preservation at Colonial period buildings in Maryland

[Marc Imlay]

Landscape managers in Maryland and in the region may be assisted with my
report on landscaping with colonial historic native plants.    
  
 <http://www.mdflora.org/forgardeners.html>
http://www.mdflora.org/forgardeners.html Miscellaneous  
 
<http://www.mdflora.org/Resources/Documents/Native_Plants_Colonial_Nursery_T
rade.pdf> List of native plants from John Bartram's nursery
<http://gwpapers.virginia.edu/documents/bartram/index.html> Complete plant
list from John Bartram's Nursery, March 1792 
 
http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/ma-ipc/message/4652



Marc Imlay, PhD,

Conservation biologist, Park Ranger Office
Non-native Invasive Plant Control coordinator.

(301) 442-5657 cell

 <mailto:ialm at erols.com> ialm at erols.com
Natural and Historical Resources Division
The Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission
 <http://www.pgparks.com> www.pgparks.com


Landscaping with colonial historic native plants

 

Many preservationists are interested in historic and environmental
preservation at Colonial period buildings in Maryland and in the region.
Following is a list of plants that were in the colonial nursery trade that
are also native to Maryland. The list of 31 species was obtained from
checking all the 106 plants George Washington obtained from John Bartram's
Nursery with Brown and Brown and Asa Gray to verify which ones are native to
Maryland. Landscaping with both historically and environmentally sound
choices is excellent. Notice that Japanese barberry should be replaced with
American barberry.  The references are:

George Washington: Landscape Architect List of Plants From John Bartram's
Nursery, March 1792
<http://gwpapers.virginia.edu/documents/bartram/index.html>
http://gwpapers.virginia.edu/documents/bartram/index.html and

Woody Plants of Maryland, Russel G. Brown and Melvin L. Brown, 1972
Herbaceous Plants of Maryland, Russel G. Brown and Melvin L. Brown, 1984
Department of Botany, University of Maryland.

Note that some plants, such as (a 3) Hypericum kalmianum, Shrub St. John's
wort, and (38.) Styrax grandifolium, Snowdrop Tree, are listed as native to
the United states but not Maryland. See Asa Gray, 1908, Flowering Plants and
Ferns of the Central and Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada,
page 573. 650.

 

The following native plant list is in the chronological order used in the
Bartram publication starting with the item number and scientific name used
in 1792.


a 1. Rhododendron maximum. Rosebay, Brown and Brown, page 251, 252, Upper
midland and mountain zones and Cecil County.

9. Berberis Canadensis.  American barberry, Brown and Brown, page 99, 101.
Only in the mountain zone of Maryland.

11. Evonimus atrapurpurous [Euonymus atropurpureus]. Wahoo, Burning Bush,
Brown and Brown, page 206, 207. Fairly common in Western Maryland.

12. Fothergilla gardenii. Dwarf Witchalder, Asa Gray, Virginia to Georgia,
page 453.

13. Franklinia alatamaha --native of Georgia [Franklin tree] but Benjamin
Franklin saved it from extinction so it may be OK to plant it as an
endangered or threatened species.

14. Baccharis halimifolia. Groundsel Tree. Brown and Brown, page 318, 319.
Abundant along the shores of the Bay, rivers, estuaries and the higher parts
of salt marshes.

16. Kalmia angustifolia. Lambkill, Sheep Laurel. Brown and Brown, page
257-259. Rare in Maryland; known on the Coastal Zone, west of the Bay, one
station in Anne Arundel County. (with the Gaultheria [procumbens], or
mountain tea [wintergreen]) Brown and Brown, page 261, 263. In acid woods
and thickets, throughout the state.

17. Dirca palustris. Leather wood. Brown and Brown, page 236, 237. Rich
woods and stream banks. Midland and Mountain Zones.

18.Thuja occidentalis. Northern White Cedar. Brown and Brown, page 16, 17.
In neutral swamps or on lime outcrops, on clifs along the Potomac,
Washington Co. Used as an ornamental in Maryland.

22. Magnolia tripetala. Umbrella Tree. Brown and Brown, page 105, 106. known
from Harford Co.

23. Magnolia acuminata. Cucumber Tree. Brown and Brown, page 105, 106.

27. Viburnum alnifolium. Hobble Bush. Brown and Brown, page 309, 310. Moist
woods only in mountain zone. (Garrett Co.)

32. Acer striatum. Acer pensylvanicum. Striped Maple, Moosewood. Brown and
Brown, page 211, 214. western Maryland.

34. Acer sacharinum. Sugar Maple. Brown and Brown, page 216, 217.

37. Clethra alnifolia. Sweet Pepperbush. Brown and Brown, page 245, 246.
Common in the Coastal Zone.

e 41. Pinus strobus. White Pine. Brown and Brown, page 3, 5.

e.50. Prunus maritima. Beach Plumb. Brown and Brown, page 175-177.

a 59. Evonimus americanus. Euonymus americanus. Spindle Tree. Strawberry
Bush. Brown and Brown, page 206, 207. Fairly common throughout the state.

d. 65. Amorpha fruticosa. Bastard Indigo. False Indigo. Asa Gray page 512.

71. Mespilus prunifolia. Aronia prunifolia. Pyrus floribunda. Purple
Chokeberry. Brown and Brown, page 132-133.

75. Itea virginiana. Virginia sweetspire, Virginia Willow, Tassel-white.
Brown and Brown, page 116-117. Swamps or wet places of Coastal Plain.

78. Hydrangia arborescens. Wild Hydrangea. Brown and Brown, page 113,114.
rich woods and stream banks, often in rocky places. Common in the Midland
and Mountains; rare in the Coastal Plain.

e 82. [13] Magnolia glauca. Magnolia virginiana. Sweet Bay Magnolia. Brown
and Brown, page 104-106. Swampy woods or stream banks, at low altitudes,
only on the Coastal Plain.

83. Sambucus rubra. Sambucus canadensis. American Elder, Sweet Elder. Brown
and Brown, page 314, 316, 317.

84. Rubus odoratus. Purple-Flowering Raspberry, Thimbleberry. Brown and
Brown, page 161,162.

f 85. Rosa Pennsylvanica flor: pleno. Rosa palustris. Swamp Rose. Brown and
Brown, page 172, 173.

97. Bignonia crucigera. Bignonia capreolata. Crossvine. Brown and Brown,
page 295, 296.

99. Betula (alnus) maritima. Seaside Alder. Brown and Brown, page 62, 63,
65.

e 102. Callicarpa americana. Beauty Berry. Brown and Brown, page 287, 288.

b.e. 106. Aristolochia sipho. Aristolochia durior (macrophylla). Dutchman's
Pipe. Brown and Brown, page 96, 97.

 

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